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                <term xml:lang="en">Problematic situation</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Rhône River</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Instauration</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Ecological restoration</term>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">Trajet</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Souriau</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Situation problématique</term>
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              <p>Although the development of the Rhône River was intended to protect against flooding, to produce hydroelectricity, to facilitate navigation and to irrigate crops, it also had negative hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological consequences. To mitigate these, a ten-year program of hydraulic and ecological restoration of the river was launched in 1998. This article aims to critically evaluate the idea of ecological restoration through the philosophical approach proposed by Souriau. After presenting the salient points of his reflections, we develop the case of the island of La Platière, at the limit of three French departments (Ardèche, Isère, and Loire), by detailing the results of a survey that focused on the way this space is inhabited and on the works envisaged to revitalize the functioning of the Rhône River. While the people interviewed recognize the hybridity of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, their comments reveal not only that they remain attached to them but also that the situation could be improved. Thus, the inhabitants could actively contribute to efforts to give the river more autonomy. Souriau's work provides a solid theoretical framework for recent developments in the revitalization of the Rhône River, which are more the results of the trial and error inherent in real-life experimentation than with the scrupulous respect for all the steps imposed by a restoration project blind to the particularities of local and concrete situations.</p>
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              <p>L’aménagement du Rhône pour se protéger des inondations, produire de l’hydroélectricité, faciliter la navigation et irriguer les cultures a eu des conséquences hydrologiques, géomorphologiques et écologiques négatives. Pour les atténuer, un Programme décennal de restauration hydraulique et écologique du fleuve a été élaboré à partir de 1998. Cet article a pour objectif d’évaluer de manière critique l’idée de restauration écologique au moyen de l’approche philosophique proposée par Souriau. Après avoir expliqué les points saillants de ses réflexions, nous développons le cas de l’île de la Platière, à la limite de trois départements français (Ardèche, Isère et Loire), en présentant les résultats d’une enquête qui a porté sur la manière dont cet espace est habité et sur les travaux envisagés pour redynamiser le fonctionnement du Rhône. Si les répondants reconnaissent l’hybridité des écosystèmes terraqués, leurs discours révèlent non seulement qu’ils y restent attachés, mais aussi que la situation peut être améliorée. Les habitants pourraient donc contribuer activement aux efforts tendant à donner au fleuve davantage d’autonomie. L’œuvre de Souriau offre des fondements théoriques robustes aux évolutions récentes des travaux de redynamisation du Rhône qui relèvent davantage des tâtonnements inhérents à une expérimentation grandeur nature qu’au respect scrupuleux de toutes les étapes imposées par un projet de restauration aveugle aux particularités des situations locales.</p>
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