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Article Dans Une Revue European Journal of Population Année : 2023

Inequalities in Resources for Preschool-Age Children by Parental Education: Evidence from Six Advanced Industrialized Countries

Jane Waldfogel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sarah Jiyoon Kwon
  • Fonction : Auteur
Yi Wang
  • Fonction : Auteur
Liz Washbrook
  • Fonction : Auteur
Valentina Perinetti Casoni
  • Fonction : Auteur
Melanie Olczyk
  • Fonction : Auteur
Thorsten Schneider
  • Fonction : Auteur
Lidia Panico
Sabine Weinert
  • Fonction : Auteur
Anna Volodina
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sanneke de la Rie
  • Fonction : Auteur
Renske Keizer
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kayo Nozaki
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jun Yamashita
  • Fonction : Auteur
Yuriko Kameyama
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hideo Akabayashi
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

This paper provides new evidence on inequalities in resources for children age 3–4 by parental education using harmonized data from six advanced industrialized countries—United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Netherlands, and Japan—that represent different social welfare regime types. We analyze inequalities in two types of resources for young children—family income, and center-based child care—applying two alternative measures of parental education—highest parental education, and maternal education. We hypothesize that inequalities in resources by parental education will be less pronounced in countries where social policies are designed to be more equalizing. The results provide partial support for this hypothesis: the influence of parental education on resources for children does vary by the social policy context, although not in all cases. We also find that the measurement of parental education matters: income disparities are smaller under a maternal-only definition whereas child care disparities are larger. Moreover, the degree of divergence between the two sets of estimates differs across countries. We provide some of the first systematic evidence about how resources for young children vary depending on parents’ education and the extent to which such inequalities are buffered by social policies. We find that while early inequalities are a fact of life in all six countries, the extent of those inequalities varies considerably. Moreover, the results suggest that social policy plays a role in moderating the influence of parental education on resources for children.
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hal-04336065 , version 1 (11-12-2023)

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Jane Waldfogel, Sarah Jiyoon Kwon, Yi Wang, Liz Washbrook, Valentina Perinetti Casoni, et al.. Inequalities in Resources for Preschool-Age Children by Parental Education: Evidence from Six Advanced Industrialized Countries. European Journal of Population, 2023, 39 (37), pp.1-31. ⟨10.1007/s10680-023-09685-0⟩. ⟨hal-04336065⟩
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