Phytochemical Study of Stem Bark of Afzelia africana
Résumé
Afzelia africana Sm. (Fabaceae) is a large deciduous tree, widespread in West Africa in dry forest areas, and is found mainly in the northern hemisphere, from Senegal to Cameroon and eastern Uganda. The plant is used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. In Nigeria, A. africana leaves and bark are employed in unstable pregnant and miscarriage, seeds are used in sore throat. Otherwise, leaves, roots, bark and mistletoes are used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders, in the Hauts Bassins region, in the western zone of Burkina Faso. A. africana exhibits several biological activities including antimicrobial antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects. Methanolic stem bark extract of A. africana exhibited, in vitro, a high activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. An EtOAc extract prepared from stem bark of A. africana showed in vitro cytotoxic activity on prostate cancer and breast carcinoma cells.
However, very little research has been conducted on this plant. In order to explore the phytochemistry and potential bioactive molecules of A. africana, the stem bark have been investigated. In the present study, we report the isolation of 15 compounds from this plant: five lignans and 10 flavonoids and derivatives. All the purified compounds are isolated for the first time from this plant.
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