A Geostatistical framework to Interpolate Sustainable Aviation Data
Résumé
In the sustainable aviation literature, it is common to rely on multiple data sets, including traffic, noise, and meteorological data. Spatial interpolation of these data is a frequent practice. This article presents a comprehensive comparison of interpolation techniques for aviation data, focusing on stochastic methods. Two primary case studies are investigated: the interpolation of noise in the vicinity of airports (two-dimensional interpolation) and the interpolation of weather values across multiple pressure layers (threedimensional interpolation). In the first case, standard geostatistical methods are particularly well-suited. The interpolation of meteorological values is more complex. The underlying physics gives rise to a trend and complex anisotropies that are challenging to estimate with the basic geostatistical framework. In the absence of outliers and if meteorological data are sampled on a sufficiently dense regular grid, trilinear interpolation performs comparably to advanced statistical methods. Otherwise, statistical methods appear to be more flexible.
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