Ambient Air Pollution and Adult Asthma Incidence in Six European Cohorts (ESCAPE)
2 CESP - Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations
3 CREAL - Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology
4 LAPM - Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble]
5 Swiss TPH
6 Unibas - Université de Bâle = University of Basel = Basel Universität
7 IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine [Düsseldorf, Germany]
8 UNITO - Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin
9 Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht]
10 MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London
11 InVS, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice
12 Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona
13 Centre for Environmental Policy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London
14 UNIPV - Università degli Studi di Pavia [Italia] = University of Pavia [Italy] = Université de Pavie [Italie]
15 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva
16 UCL - University College London [UCL]
17 HMGU - Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health
18 Uppsala University Hospital
19 Department of Respiratory Epidemiology & Public Health, Imperial College London, London
20 Umeå University = Umeå Universitet
21 Département de pédiatrie CHU Nord, Grenoble
22 Directorate of Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, The Bays, London
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 760382
- IdHAL : benedicte-jacquemin
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1273-9892
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1033038
- IdHAL : valerie-siroux
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7329-7237
- Fonction : Auteur
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1257797
- IdHAL : nicole-le-moual
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2723-5569
- Fonction : Auteur
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 767074
- IdHAL : raphaelle-varraso
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3338-7825
- IdRef : 104640863
Résumé
Background: Short-term exposure to air pollution has adverse effects among patients with asthma, but whether long-term exposure to air pollution is a cause of adult-onset asthma is unclear. Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and adult onset asthma. Methods: Asthma incidence was prospectively assessed in six European cohorts. Exposures studied were annual average concentrations at home addresses for nitrogen oxides assessed for 23,704 participants (including 1,257 incident cases) and particulate matter (PM) assessed for 17,909 participants through ESCAPE land-use regression models and traffic exposure indicators. Meta-analyses of cohort-specific logistic regression on asthma incidence were performed. Models were adjusted for age, sex, overweight, education, and smoking and included city/area within each cohort as a random effect. Results: In this longitudinal analysis, asthma incidence was positively, but not significantly, associated with all exposure metrics, except for PM coarse. Positive associations of borderline significance were observed for nitrogen dioxide [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.21 per 10 μg/m 3 ; p = 0.10] and nitrogen oxides (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.08 per 20 μg/m 3 ; p = 0.08). Nonsignificant positive associations were estimated for PM 10 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 10 μg/m 3), PM 2.5 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 5 μg/m 3), PM 2.5absorbance (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.19 per 10-5 /m), traffic load (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 4 million vehicles × meters/day on major roads in a 100-m buffer), and traffic intensity (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 5,000 vehicles/day on the nearest road). A nonsignificant negative association was estimated for PM coarse (adjusted OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.14 per 5 μg/m 3). Conclusions: Results suggest a deleterious effect of ambient air pollution on asthma incidence in adults. Further research with improved personal-level exposure assessment (vs. residential exposure assessment only) and phenotypic characterization is needed.
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