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            <title xml:lang="en">Retroviral DNA Integration.</title>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Chemical Reviews&lt;/i&gt;, 2016, 116 (20), pp.12730-12757. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.63.4.836-843.1999"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1128/mmbr.63.4.836-843.1999&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Protein Conformation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Virus Integration</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">HIV-1</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">HIV Integrase Inhibitors</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">HIV Integrase</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Drug Design</term>
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              <p>The integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into host chromatin is the defining step of retroviral replication. This enzymatic process is catalyzed by the virus-encoded integrase protein, which is conserved among retroviruses and LTR-retrotransposons. Retroviral integration proceeds via two integrase activities: 3'-processing of the viral DNA ends, followed by the strand transfer of the processed ends into host cell chromosomal DNA. Herein we review the molecular mechanism of retroviral DNA integration, with an emphasis on reaction chemistries and architectures of the nucleoprotein complexes involved. We additionally discuss the latest advances on anti-integrase drug development for the treatment of AIDS and the utility of integrating retroviral vectors in gene therapy applications.</p>
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