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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2023

Effect of solid feed intake on feeding behaviour and energy metabolism in growing calves

Résumé

In growing calves reared for the production of veal meat, milk replacers (MR) and solid feeds (SF) are fed simultaneously to support high growth rate and address welfare issues. The combination of these diets is associated with modified feeding behaviour, digestion and metabolic processes that may change the utilization of dietary energy for growth compared with the use of MR alone. Present experiment aimed to determine the effects of increasing levels of SF as substitutes to MR on feeding behaviour, physical activity and energy metabolism in growing calves. Twenty Holstein male calves were affected to four dietary treatments in which SF were substituted to MR from 10 to 100%. SF were composed of 87% concentrates, 5% chopped wheat straw and 8% chopped hay. The calves were first adapted to their respective treatments during 100 days until their body weight reached 159±10 kg. MR was given twice daily whereas SF were provided once in the morning. Water and SF were available 18 h 45 min per day. Thereafter, calves were housed individually in an open-circuit respiration chamber during one week to measure their feeding behaviour, physical and energy balance from total collection of faeces and urine, and measurements of gas exchanges (CH4, O2 and CO2) to calculate heat production (HP). The latter was partitioned between components due to basal metabolism, physical activity and thermic effect of feeding (TEF). Water evaporation was measured to determine latent heat losses. Intake of SF increased from 404 to 3,630 g dry matter (DM)/d while MR intake decreased from 2,029 to 0 g DM/d between dietary treatments. When increasing SF intake, number of meals, feeding rate and time spent standing while eating increased whereas total time spent standing decreased. Total HP increased with increasing SF intake because of increased TEF. The proportion of HP lost via latent route decreased from 45 to 32% when SF increased. Energy balance was not affected suggesting that the lower metabolic efficiency of SF was compensated for by behavioural adaptations. These results suggested that calf behaviour and nutrition can adapt to contrasted sources of dietary energy.
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Dates et versions

hal-04284256 , version 1 (14-11-2023)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04284256 , version 1

Citer

Etienne Labussière, Lucile Montagne, Yannick Le Cozler, C. Martineau, D. Bastien. Effect of solid feed intake on feeding behaviour and energy metabolism in growing calves. 74. Annual meeting of the european federation of animal science (EAAP), EAAP, Aug 2023, Lyon, France. pp.564. ⟨hal-04284256⟩
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