The rapid and efficient mineralization of the chemotherapeutic drug busulfan (BSF) as the target pollutant has been investigated for the first time by three different heterogeneous EF systems that were constructed to ensure the continuous electro-generation of H 2 O 2 and • OH consisting of: i) a multifunctional carbon felt (CF) based cathode composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), iron oxide nanoparticles and carbon black (CB) (rGO-Fe 3 O 4 /CB@CF), ii) rGO modified cathode (rGO/CB@CF) and rGO supported Fe 3 O 4 (rGO-Fe 3 O 4) catalyst and iii) rGO modified cathode (rGO/CB@CF) and multi walled carbon nanotube supported Fe 3 O 4 (MWCNT-Fe 3 O 4) catalyst. The effects of main variables, including the catalyst amount, applied current and initial pH were investigated. Based on the results, H 2 O 2 was produced by oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the liquid-solid interface of both fabricated cathodes. • OH was generated by the reaction of H 2 O 2 with the active site of ≡Fe II on the surface of the multifunctional cathode and heterogeneous EF catalysts. Utilizing carbon materials with high conductivity, the redox cycling between ≡Fe II and ≡Fe III was effectively facilitated and therefore promoted the performance of the process. The results demonstrated almost complete mineralization of BSF through the heterogeneous systems over a wide applicable pH range. According to the reusability and stability tests, multifunctional cathode exhibited outstanding performance after five consecutive cycles which is promising for the efficient mineralization of refractory organic pollutants. Moreover, intermediates products of BSF oxidation were identified and a plausible oxidation pathway was proposed. Therefore, this study demonstrates efficient and stable cathodes and catalysts for the efficient treatment of an anticancer active substance.