<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04217875</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-03T14:19:58+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Why disrupt when you can simply return to normal? Consequences of Montreal's festivals resilience in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nicolas</forename>
                <surname>Ricci</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">b8f80a57c05c37b987e54abf1ebff6a4</email>
              <email type="domain">minesparis.psl.eu</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nicolas-ricci</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1278770</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2884913-1278770</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7247-215X</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-39111"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Marine</forename>
                <surname>Agogué</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">4ac98f0936b80f94a13559ebdb4a2f0f</email>
              <email type="domain">hec.ca</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">961042</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">634896-961042</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-304765"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Nicolas</forename>
                <surname>Ricci</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">b8f80a57c05c37b987e54abf1ebff6a4</email>
              <email type="domain">minesparis.psl.eu</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-09-26 10:42:51</date>
              <date type="whenWritten">2023</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:26:08</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-09-26 10:42:51</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2023-06-07</date>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="1337666">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Nicolas</forename>
                  <surname>Ricci</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">b8f80a57c05c37b987e54abf1ebff6a4</email>
                <email type="domain">minesparis.psl.eu</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04217875</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04217875</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">ricci:hal-04217875</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;IPDMC&lt;/i&gt;, Jun 2023, Lecco, Italy</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">IPDMC, Jun 2023, Lecco, Italy</idno>
            <availability status="restricted"/>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SHS">Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP" corresp="PARISTECH">MINES ParisTech</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP_CGS" corresp="ENSMP">Gestion scientifique (CGS)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PARISTECH">ParisTech</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PSL">Université Paris sciences et lettres</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP_DEP_EMS" corresp="ENSMP">Département Economie, management et société</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP_DR" corresp="ENSMP">ENSMP_DR</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP_CGS_TMCI" corresp="ENSMP_CGS">ENSMP_CGS_TMCI</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP-PSL" corresp="PSL">MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENSMP_I3">Collection</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UMR_I3">Institut Interdisciplinaire de l'Innovation</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="0">No</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Why disrupt when you can simply return to normal? Consequences of Montreal's festivals resilience in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nicolas</forename>
                    <surname>Ricci</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">b8f80a57c05c37b987e54abf1ebff6a4</email>
                  <email type="domain">minesparis.psl.eu</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nicolas-ricci</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1278770</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2884913-1278770</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7247-215X</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-39111"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Marine</forename>
                    <surname>Agogué</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">4ac98f0936b80f94a13559ebdb4a2f0f</email>
                  <email type="domain">hec.ca</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">961042</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">634896-961042</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-304765"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>IPDMC</title>
                  <date type="start">2023-06-07</date>
                  <date type="end">2023-06-09</date>
                  <settlement>Lecco</settlement>
                  <country key="IT">Italy</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint>
                  <date type="datePub">2023</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Resilience</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Festivals</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Business model</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Cultural and Creative Industries</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Innovation Managemen</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs.gestion">Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Crisis are usually considered as disruptive events that may act as moments of opportunities to innovate. The example of the cultural organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated health restrictions shows that many of these organizations reinvented themselves. In this context, the term of resilience as become a buzz word to describe this shift. Resilience has mainly been considered through the lens of the capacities of organizations to adapt and innovate, yet the literature offers few understandings of what happens during a resilience process from a cognitive perspective. Among the variety of cultural organizations, this paper offers a focus on festivals as their offer deeply relies on the physical gathering of both publics and artists. During the pandemic, most festivals audiences have seen their business models disrupted and turned their services into digital formats or cancelled their editions and constitute then an interesting panel of forms of resilience. Based on a longitudinal study (pre-covid, covid, post-covid periods) we propose an in-depth analysis of the evolution of Montreal festivals' business models. The study is supported with primary qualitative data: 8 interviews with Montreal festivals’ managers and secondary data shared by the managers or found online: annual reports, internal documentation, communication elements. We propose, in a first time, to mobilize the notion of business model as a tool for identification and measurement of organizational resilience by emphasizing its phenomenal character. Then we offer a comparison between the different festivals to develop a comprehensive model of their resilience drivers. Our results show that there is a near-unanimous trend for festivals towards a return to pre-pandemic formats and business models, despite the deployment of a large range of innovation. The mains drivers that shape the evolution in business models of festivals are its role and its purpose to which we provide an empirical conceptualisation. It opens a more general discussion on the drivers of innovation in crisis situations for organizations.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-39111" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026408805</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">196720612C</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/003y0kg83</idno>
          <orgName>Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CGS i3</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>60, bd Saint Michel 75272 Paris Cedex 06</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301492" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1159016" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR9217" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-304765" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05ww3wq27</idno>
          <orgName>HEC Montréal</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HEC Montréal</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>3000 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7</addrLine>
              <country key="CA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.hec.ca/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301492" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026375249</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04y8cs423</idno>
          <orgName>Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris)</orgName>
          <date type="start">1783-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>60, boulevard Saint-Michel 75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.minesparis.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-564132" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">241597595</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 1784 3645</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/013cjyk83</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris Sciences et Lettres</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">PSL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-1159016" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">193951878</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201521699A</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q47531699</idno>
          <orgName>Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">I3</orgName>
          <date type="start">2015-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>828 boulevard des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://i3.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR9217" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>