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Article Dans Une Revue (Article De Synthèse) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Année : 2022

Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high-latitude dust sources

Outi Meinander
Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova
Pavel Amosov
  • Fonction : Auteur
Elena Aseyeva
  • Fonction : Auteur
Cliff Atkins
  • Fonction : Auteur
Alexander Baklanov
  • Fonction : Auteur
Clarissa Baldo
Sarah Barr
  • Fonction : Auteur
Barbara Barzycka
  • Fonction : Auteur
Liane Benning
Bojan Cvetkovic
  • Fonction : Auteur
Polina Enchilik
  • Fonction : Auteur
Denis Frolov
Santiago Gassó
Konrad Kandler
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nikolay Kasimov
Jan Kavan
  • Fonction : Auteur
James King
  • Fonction : Auteur
Tatyana Koroleva
  • Fonction : Auteur
Viktoria Krupskaya
  • Fonction : Auteur
Markku Kulmala
Monika Kusiak
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hanna Lappalainen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michał Laska
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jerome Lasne
Marek Lewandowski
  • Fonction : Auteur
Bartłomiej Luks
James Mcquaid
Beatrice Moroni
  • Fonction : Auteur
Benjamin Murray
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ottmar Möhler
Adam Nawrot
  • Fonction : Auteur
Slobodan Nickovic
Norman O’neill
  • Fonction : Auteur
Goran Pejanovic
  • Fonction : Auteur
Olga Popovicheva
  • Fonction : Auteur
Keyvan Ranjbar
Manolis Romanias
Olga Samonova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin
Kerstin Schepanski
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ivan Semenkov
Anna Sharapova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Elena Shevnina
Zongbo Shi
Mikhail Sofiev
  • Fonction : Auteur
Frédéric Thevenet
Throstur Thorsteinsson
Mikhail Timofeev
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nsikanabasi Silas Umo
Andreas Uppstu
  • Fonction : Auteur
György Varga
  • Fonction : Auteur
Tomasz Werner
  • Fonction : Auteur
Olafur Arnalds
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ana Vukovic Vimic
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Abstract. Dust particles from high latitudes have a potentially large local, regional, and global significance to climate and the environment as short-lived climate forcers, air pollutants, and nutrient sources. Identifying the locations of local dust sources and their emission, transport, and deposition processes is important for understanding the multiple impacts of high-latitude dust (HLD) on the Earth's systems. Here, we identify, describe, and quantify the source intensity (SI) values, which show the potential of soil surfaces for dust emission scaled to values 0 to 1 concerning globally best productive sources, using the Global Sand and Dust Storms Source Base Map (G-SDS-SBM). This includes 64 HLD sources in our collection for the northern (Alaska, Canada, Denmark, Greenland, Iceland, Svalbard, Sweden, and Russia) and southern (Antarctica and Patagonia) high latitudes. Activity from most of these HLD sources shows seasonal character. It is estimated that high-latitude land areas with higher (SI ≥0.5), very high (SI ≥0.7), and the highest potential (SI ≥0.9) for dust emission cover >1 670 000 km2, >560 000 km2, and >240 000 km2, respectively. In the Arctic HLD region (≥60∘ N), land area with SI ≥0.5 is 5.5 % (1 035 059 km2), area with SI ≥0.7 is 2.3 % (440 804 km2), and area with SI ≥0.9 is 1.1 % (208 701 km2). Minimum SI values in the northern HLD region are about 3 orders of magnitude smaller, indicating that the dust sources of this region greatly depend on weather conditions. Our spatial dust source distribution analysis modeling results showed evidence supporting a northern HLD belt, defined as the area north of 50∘ N, with a “transitional HLD-source area” extending at latitudes 50–58∘ N in Eurasia and 50–55∘ N in Canada and a “cold HLD-source area” including areas north of 60∘ N in Eurasia and north of 58∘ N in Canada, with currently “no dust source” area between the HLD and low-latitude dust (LLD) dust belt, except for British Columbia. Using the global atmospheric transport model SILAM, we estimated that 1.0 % of the global dust emission originated from the high-latitude regions. About 57 % of the dust deposition in snow- and ice-covered Arctic regions was from HLD sources. In the southern HLD region, soil surface conditions are favorable for dust emission during the whole year. Climate change can cause a decrease in the duration of snow cover, retreat of glaciers, and an increase in drought, heatwave intensity, and frequency, leading to the increasing frequency of topsoil conditions favorable for dust emission, which increases the probability of dust storms. Our study provides a step forward to improve the representation of HLD in models and to monitor, quantify, and assess the environmental and climate significance of HLD.
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Dates et versions

hal-04199194 , version 1 (07-09-2023)

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Outi Meinander, Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova, Pavel Amosov, Elena Aseyeva, Cliff Atkins, et al.. Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high-latitude dust sources. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2022, 22 (17), pp.11889-11930. ⟨10.5194/acp-22-11889-2022⟩. ⟨hal-04199194⟩
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