<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04182402</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-13T05:11:48+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">The functional trait distinctiveness of plant species is scale dependent</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                <surname>Gaüzère</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">7387ee75f8e66fd5efd73205d6ebd5d6</email>
              <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">pierre-gauzere</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1139039</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1271163-1139039</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1259-6131</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Benjamin</forename>
                <surname>Blonder</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1276111</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">595426-1276111</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-2385</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-563719"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                <surname>Denelle</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">23a029adf67fc372725870d6d459c78b</email>
              <email type="domain">cefe.cnrs.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1276095</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1246735-1276095</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-3774</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/237698064</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/212157098332472550647</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1065644"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Bertrand</forename>
                <surname>Fournier</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">e860fd3311c1014045561ad06814054a</email>
              <email type="domain">uni-potsdam.de</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1338237</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">418650-1338237</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-6109</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-65266"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Matthias</forename>
                <surname>Grenié</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">80739a0b9464eee3335f24c67dc15bfb</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
              <ptr type="url" target="https://rekyt.github.io/"/>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">matthias-grenie</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1389763</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1377075-1389763</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-7522</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">fZ1_d7QAAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AFT-8769-2022</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AFT-8769-2022</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/25239447X</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/KZC-9162-2024</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/193161272038047440233</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/KZC-9162-2024</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-388140"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Léo</forename>
                <surname>Delalandre</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">0528a29ba45e20f490772c003c82648e</email>
              <email type="domain">protonmail.com</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1385974</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2842693-1385974</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/278445365</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-4587</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=s4Le9SQAAAAJ</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Tamara</forename>
                <surname>Münkemüller</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">ec4aaabb488e6edf65474419321a8cd9</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">tamara-munkemuller</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">177642</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">26766-177642</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-1322</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/193346370</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">François</forename>
                <surname>Munoz</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">08df3045cc9e36c04850ec47aaf54bd0</email>
              <email type="domain">cirad.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">francois-munoz</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1069858</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">249460-1069858</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-4705</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/110521277</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/216241809</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1043294"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Cyrille</forename>
                <surname>Violle</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6037085568dcf238be181e0792a9ff12</email>
              <email type="domain">cefe.cnrs.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">cyrille-violle</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">755998</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">122815-755998</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-9226</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/11593832X</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=Vz4gFNcAAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/212052116</idno>
              <idno type="ISNI">http://isni.org/isni/0000000358753198</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Wilfried</forename>
                <surname>Thuiller</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">22cba1bc903d6f8919d9fdc28202d700</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">wilfried-thuiller</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">184825</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">7358-184825</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5274</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/079413315</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Wilfried</forename>
                <surname>THUILLER</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">22cba1bc903d6f8919d9fdc28202d700</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
            </editor>
            <funder>This research was supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité (FRB) and Électricité de France (EDF) in the context of the CESAB project ‘Causes and consequences of functional rarity from local to global scales’ (FREE).</funder>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-08-17 15:47:20</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-05-12 17:02:04</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-08-17 16:22:13</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2023-01</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2023-08-17</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04182402v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2023-08-17"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04182402v1/file/Ecography%20-%202022%20-%20Ga%20z%20re.pdf" id="file-4182474-3644217">
                <date notBefore="2023-08-17"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="externalLink" target="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ecog.06504"/>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="688367">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Wilfried</forename>
                  <surname>THUILLER</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">22cba1bc903d6f8919d9fdc28202d700</email>
                <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04182402</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04182402</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">gauzere:hal-04182402</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Ecography&lt;/i&gt;, 2023, 2023 (1), pp.e06504. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06504"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1111/ecog.06504&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Ecography, 2023, 2023 (1), pp.e06504. &amp;#x27E8;10.1111/ecog.06504&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0 - Attribution<ref corresp="#file-4182474-3644217"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRD">IRD - Institut de recherche pour le développement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SDE">Sciences De l'Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-SAVOIE">Université Savoie Mont Blanc</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="EPHE">École Pratique des Hautes Études</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UGA">HAL Grenoble Alpes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-MONTP3">Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INPG">Institut polytechnique de Grenoble</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="OSUG">Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, de l'Univers et de l'Environnement de Grenoble</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LECA" corresp="UNIV-SAVOIE">Laboratoire d'écologie alpine</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CEFE" corresp="UNIV-MONTP3">Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="GIP-BE">GIP Bretagne Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LIPHY" corresp="CNRS">Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de Physique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PSL">Université Paris sciences et lettres</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-DEV">TEST-DEV</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUT-AGRO-MONTPELLIER">Institut Agro Montpellier</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAE">Institut National de Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAEOCCITANIEMONTPELLIER" corresp="INRAE">INRAE Occitanie Montpellier</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="EPHE-PSL" corresp="PSL">École Pratique des Hautes Études - PSL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UGA-EPE">Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-*]</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UPVM-TI" corresp="UNIV-MONTP3">Publications UPVM texte intégral</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UM-2015-2021" corresp="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier (2015-2021)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UM-EPE" corresp="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier - EPE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST4-HALCNRS">collection test</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUT-AGRO">Institut Agro</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST5-HALCNRS">collection test 5</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INEE-CNRS">Institut écologie et environnement du CNRS</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-UGA">TEST-UGA</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">The functional trait distinctiveness of plant species is scale dependent</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                    <surname>Gaüzère</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">7387ee75f8e66fd5efd73205d6ebd5d6</email>
                  <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">pierre-gauzere</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1139039</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1271163-1139039</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1259-6131</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Benjamin</forename>
                    <surname>Blonder</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1276111</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">595426-1276111</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-2385</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-563719"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                    <surname>Denelle</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">23a029adf67fc372725870d6d459c78b</email>
                  <email type="domain">cefe.cnrs.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1276095</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1246735-1276095</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-3774</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/237698064</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/212157098332472550647</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1065644"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Bertrand</forename>
                    <surname>Fournier</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">e860fd3311c1014045561ad06814054a</email>
                  <email type="domain">uni-potsdam.de</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1338237</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">418650-1338237</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-6109</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-65266"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Matthias</forename>
                    <surname>Grenié</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">80739a0b9464eee3335f24c67dc15bfb</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
                  <ptr type="url" target="https://rekyt.github.io/"/>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">matthias-grenie</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1389763</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1377075-1389763</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-7522</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">fZ1_d7QAAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AFT-8769-2022</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AFT-8769-2022</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/25239447X</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/KZC-9162-2024</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/193161272038047440233</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/KZC-9162-2024</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-388140"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Léo</forename>
                    <surname>Delalandre</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">0528a29ba45e20f490772c003c82648e</email>
                  <email type="domain">protonmail.com</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1385974</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2842693-1385974</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/278445365</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-4587</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=s4Le9SQAAAAJ</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Tamara</forename>
                    <surname>Münkemüller</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">ec4aaabb488e6edf65474419321a8cd9</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">tamara-munkemuller</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">177642</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">26766-177642</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-1322</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/193346370</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">François</forename>
                    <surname>Munoz</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">08df3045cc9e36c04850ec47aaf54bd0</email>
                  <email type="domain">cirad.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">francois-munoz</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1069858</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">249460-1069858</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-4705</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/110521277</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/216241809</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1043294"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Cyrille</forename>
                    <surname>Violle</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">6037085568dcf238be181e0792a9ff12</email>
                  <email type="domain">cefe.cnrs.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">cyrille-violle</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">755998</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">122815-755998</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-9226</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/11593832X</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=Vz4gFNcAAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/212052116</idno>
                  <idno type="ISNI">http://isni.org/isni/0000000358753198</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1100830"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Wilfried</forename>
                    <surname>Thuiller</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">22cba1bc903d6f8919d9fdc28202d700</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">wilfried-thuiller</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">184825</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">7358-184825</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5274</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/079413315</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1043062"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">12745</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1600-0587</idno>
                <title level="j">Ecography</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Wiley</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">2023</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">e06504</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2023-01</date>
                  <date type="dateEpub">2022-12-15</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1111/ecog.06504</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">leaf traits</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">trait-based ecology</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ecological originality</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">community ecology</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sde.be">Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.bv.bot">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Beyond the local abundance of species, their functional trait distinctiveness is now recognized as a key driver of community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Yet, since the functional distinctiveness of a species is always relative to a given species pool, a species distinct at regional scale might not necessarily be distinct at local or community scale, and reciprocally. To assess the importance of scale (i.e. the definition of a species pool) when quantifying the functional distinctiveness of species, and how it might distort the ecological conclusions derived from it, we quantified trait distinctiveness of 1350 plant species at regional, local and community scales over ca 88 000 grassland plots in France. We measured differences in functional distinctiveness of species between regional (mainland France), local (10 × 10 km cell) and community (10 × 10 m plot) scale, and tested the influence of environmental predictors (climate and nitrogen input) and contexts (environmental distinctiveness, frequency and heterogeneity) on these variations. In line with theoretical expectations, we found large variation in functional distinctiveness (in particular between regional and community scales) for many species, with a general tendency of lower distinctiveness at smaller scales. We also showed that nitrogen input – a key aspect of high land use intensity – and environmental frequency partly explained the differences between local and regional scale only. These results suggest the role played by environmental filtering on species distinctiveness at local scale, but the determinant of distinctiveness variations at community scale still need to be elucidated. Our study provides robust empirical evidence that measures of ecological originality are strongly scale-dependent. We urge ecologists to carefully consider the scale at which they measure distinctiveness, as ignoring scale dependencies could lead to biased (or even entirely wrong) conclusions when not considered at the scale of interest for the respective research question.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1043062" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">074457241</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 0609 8934</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">199511994N</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03x1z2w73</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LECA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>bat. D - Biologie 2233 Rue de la piscine - BP 53 38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://leca.osug.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-432896" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR5553" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1002499" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1042703" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-563719" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01an7q238</idno>
          <orgName>University of California [Berkeley]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UC Berkeley</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Berkeley, CA</addrLine>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.berkeley.edu/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-471291" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1065644" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01y9bpm73</idno>
          <orgName>Georg-August-University of Goettingen = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Wilhelmsplatz 1, 37073 Göttingen, Allemagne</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/1.html</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-65266" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">05049967X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000109421117</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03bnmw459</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q153012</idno>
          <orgName>University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam</orgName>
          <date type="start">1991-07-15</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Am Neuen Palais 10, House 914469 Potsdam</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uni-potsdam.de/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1100830" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026506424</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121691275</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200311847U</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/008rywf59</idno>
          <orgName>Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CEFE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - 1919 route de Mende - 34293 Montpellier CEDEX 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cefe.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR 5175" active="#struct-42812" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR 5175" active="#struct-110691" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR5175" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR 5175" active="#struct-451860" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-67872" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR 5175" active="#struct-577435" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1096330" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1042499" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR 5175" active="#struct-1100589" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-388140" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01jty7g66</idno>
          <orgName>German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">iDiv</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig</addrLine>
              <country key="DE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.idiv-biodiversity.de/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1043294" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">035460849</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0000 9272 9931</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201122569N</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/023n9q531</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LIPhy</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>140 rue de la Physique38058 Grenoble cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www-liphy.ujf-grenoble.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR5588" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1042703" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-432896" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04gqg1a07</idno>
          <orgName>Université Savoie Mont Blanc</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]</orgName>
          <date type="start">1979-10-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>27, rue Marcoz - 73000 Chambéry</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-smb.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1002499" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">186067518</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000417832786</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200310841A</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03vte9x46</idno>
          <orgName>Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Fédération OSUG</orgName>
          <date type="start">1985-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine universitaire, bâtiment OSUG-D122 rue de la piscine38 400 Saint Martin d’Hères</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.osug.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1042703" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">240648315</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02rx3b187</idno>
          <orgName>Université Grenoble Alpes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UGA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Adresse CS 40700 - 38058 Grenoble cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-471291" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00pjdza24</idno>
          <orgName>University of California</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UC</orgName>
          <date type="start">1869-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-42812" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026404702</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012196152X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00qhdy563</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UPVM</orgName>
          <date type="start">1970-11-18</date>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3Route de Mende 34199 Montpellier Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-montp3.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-110691" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026375478</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121955365</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/046b3cj80</idno>
          <orgName>École Pratique des Hautes Études</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">EPHE</orgName>
          <date type="start">1868-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>4-14 Rue Ferrus, 75014 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ephe.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-564132" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">241597595</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 1784 3645</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/013cjyk83</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris Sciences et Lettres</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">PSL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-451860" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - délégation Occitanie</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IRD [Occitanie]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>911 avenue Agropolis,BP 6450134394 Montpellier cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://occitanie.ird.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-67872" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-67872" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">050165224</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05q3vnk25</idno>
          <orgName>Institut de Recherche pour le Développement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IRD</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>SiègeLe Sextant 44, bd de DunkerqueCS 9000913572 Marseille cedex 02</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ird.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-577435" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/003vg9w96</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INRAE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1096330" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">261038990</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03rnk6m14</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Agro Montpellier</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2, place Viala - Montpellier</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.institut-agro-montpellier.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1042499" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1042499" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">260373249</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01dkyve95</idno>
          <orgName>Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Institut Agro</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.institut-agro.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1100589" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/051escj72</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Montpellier</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UM</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>163 rue Auguste Broussonnet - 34090 Montpellier</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.umontpellier.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>