<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04162716</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-18T05:52:35+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Optimality and Approximation Ratios of Demodulator Allocation Strategies in LoRa Multi-Gateway Networks</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Alexandre</forename>
                <surname>Guitton</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">c2dff50aee1e369f0ff4945bcd071bab</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-bpclermont.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">alexandre-guitton</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">10729</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">536-10729</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-3129</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/095626573</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1096065"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Megumi</forename>
                <surname>Kaneko</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">95e2f49ef230a6838ab513c3bd751814</email>
              <email type="domain">nii.ac.jp</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">megkaneko</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">21499</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">39397-21499</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4943-4769</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-6501"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-542009"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nancy</forename>
                <forename type="middle">El</forename>
                <surname>Rachkidy</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">01eeec889c6331fcf36583bd7fff3e2f</email>
              <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nancy-el-rachkidy</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">171369</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1119242-171369</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-464X</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/160539390</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Alexandre</forename>
                <surname>Guitton</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">5cc3e7cea4dcde4a65c0b5b993756a0c</email>
              <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-07-16 11:59:40</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:25:45</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-07-17 08:40:26</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2023-07-16</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2024-01-16</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04162716v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2024-01-16"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04162716v1/file/demodulator-allocation.pdf" id="file-4162716-3624880">
                <date notBefore="2024-01-16"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="469551">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Alexandre</forename>
                  <surname>Guitton</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">5cc3e7cea4dcde4a65c0b5b993756a0c</email>
                <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04162716</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04162716</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">guitton:hal-04162716</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">2023</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">2023</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://hal.science/licences/copyright/">Copyright - All rights reserved<ref corresp="#file-4162716-3624880"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PRES_CLERMONT">Université de Clermont</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-LYON">Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LIMOS" corresp="PRES_CLERMONT">Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'optimisation des Systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CITI" corresp="INSA-LYON">Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-GROUPE">Groupe INSA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE">Sorbonne Université</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SORBONNE-UNIV" corresp="SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE">Sorbonne Université 01/01/2018</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SU-SCIENCES" corresp="SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE">Faculté des Sciences de Sorbonne Université</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UMI-3527" corresp="SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE">Japanese-French Laboratory for Informatics</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UDL">UDL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SU-TI">Sorbonne Université - Texte Intégral</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CLERMONT-AUVERGNE-INP">Clermont Auvergne INP</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ALLIANCE-SU"> Alliance Sorbonne Université</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-LYS">INRIA-LYON</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-JAPON">Co-publications INRIA Japon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SUPRA_MATHS_INFO">Mathématiques + Informatique</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt/>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Optimality and Approximation Ratios of Demodulator Allocation Strategies in LoRa Multi-Gateway Networks</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Alexandre</forename>
                    <surname>Guitton</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">c2dff50aee1e369f0ff4945bcd071bab</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-bpclermont.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">alexandre-guitton</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">10729</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">536-10729</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-3129</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/095626573</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1096065"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Megumi</forename>
                    <surname>Kaneko</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">95e2f49ef230a6838ab513c3bd751814</email>
                  <email type="domain">nii.ac.jp</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">megkaneko</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">21499</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">39397-21499</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4943-4769</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-6501"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-542009"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nancy</forename>
                    <forename type="middle">El</forename>
                    <surname>Rachkidy</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">01eeec889c6331fcf36583bd7fff3e2f</email>
                  <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nancy-el-rachkidy</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">171369</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1119242-171369</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-464X</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/160539390</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <imprint/>
              </monogr>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Internet of Things (IoT)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">LoRa</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">LoRaWAN</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">demodulator allocation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">multi-gateway</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-ni">Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="UNDEFINED">Preprints, Working Papers, ...</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="UNDEFINED">Preprints, Working Papers, ...</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="UNDEFINED">Preprints, Working Papers, ...</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Long Range (LoRa) is a wireless modulation used to provide longrange connectivity to low-power devices of the Internet of Things (IoT). LoRa gateways use hardware chips called demodulators in order to demodulate concurrent frames on different channels or spreading factors. In this paper, we establish several theoretical results on the performance of fundamental demodulator allocating strategies. In the single gateway scenario, we first prove the optimality of the basic preemptive allocation strategy. Next, in the multi-gateway scenario, the greedy non-collaborative strategy, which is currently implemented in LoRa gateways, is shown to achieve a very large approximation ratio. As an alternative, we demonstrate that a preemptive non-collaborative strategy has an approximation ratio of 2, and furthermore, that a preemptive smartcollaborative strategy reaches an approximation ratio of 3/2, for two gateways. These seminal results imply that the current performance of multi-gateway LoRa deployments can be largely improved by the proposed collaborative demodulator allocation strategies.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1063463" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">252404955</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000115480420</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01a8ajp46</idno>
          <orgName>Université Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UCA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>49, bd François-Mitterrand / CS 60032 / 63001 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uca.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1063677" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">155645919</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200212221E</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">00t3fpp34</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LIMOS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 1 rue de la Chebarde, TSA 60125 / CS 60026, 63178 Aubière Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://limos.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-359750" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-1063539" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-1096065" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201722227R</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/016w2y923</idno>
          <orgName>AlGorithmes et Optimisation pour Réseaux Autonomes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">AGORA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2025-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bâtiment CEI-2, Campus La Doua Villeurbanne  - 56, Boulevard Niels Bohr - CS 52132 - 69603 Villeurbanne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.inria.fr/equipes/agora</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-203831" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1096051" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-6501" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04ksd4g47</idno>
          <orgName>National Institute of Informatics</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">NII</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430</addrLine>
              <country key="JP"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.nii.ac.jp/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-542009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201220443Y</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">007xn7v02</idno>
          <orgName>Japanese French Laboratory for Informatics</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">JFLI</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="JP"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://jfli.nii.ac.jp/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-6501" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-304304" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-413221" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="IRL3527 / UMI3527" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-359750" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">028028694</idno>
          <orgName>Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENSM ST-ETIENNE</orgName>
          <date type="start">1816-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>158 Cour Fauriel, 42100 Saint-Étienne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.mines-stetienne.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1063539" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">252428943</idno>
          <orgName>Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INP Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-203831" status="VALID">
          <orgName>CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CITI</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>CITI Laboratory, INSA Lyon Domaine Scientifique de la Doua Batiment Claude Chappe 6 avenue des Arts 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex Phone +33 4 7243 6415 Fax +33 4 7243 6227 E-Mail citi@insa-lyon.fr</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.citi.insa-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-219748" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">052444724</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2292 0228</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA Lyon</orgName>
          <date type="start">1957-03-18</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.insa-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301088" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01rk35k63</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Lyon</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universite-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301232" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162105150</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kvxyf05</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1096051" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">202224236C</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/022gakr41</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Inria de Lyon</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Inria de Lyon / Bâtiment CEI-2 / Campus La Doua - Villeurbanne / 56, Boulevard Niels Bohr / CS 52132 / 69 603 Villeurbanne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.inria.fr/fr/centre-inria-de-lyon</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-304304" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">029909848</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/057zh3y96</idno>
          <orgName>The University of Tokyo</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UTokyo</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654</addrLine>
              <country key="JP"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-413221" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">221333754</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02en5vm52</idno>
          <orgName>Sorbonne Université</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">SU</orgName>
          <date type="start">2018-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>21 rue de l’École de médecine - 75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.sorbonne-universite.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>