"APIVALE scientific consortium": an integrated approach for organic effluent recycling and valorisation
Résumé
About 400 million tons of organic waste is produced each year in France with a major contribution of animal production (300 million tons) and agroindustry (45 million tons). Agriculture is thus at the heart of organic waste recycling and valorisation (organic matter, energy, nutrients…). This challenge requires the production of scientific knowledge, the development of technical or organizational innovation and a more holistic approach to better consider the possible synergies on the territories. Organic effluents are subjected to numerous biological, chemical and physical processes that modify their composition, generate emissions to the environment and finally affect the availability of nutrient to plants and soil fertility. An improved knowledge of these different processes is thus required to quantify more precisely the emissions (for environmental evaluation) as well as for their reduction (for mitigation strategies). Different research institutes located in Western France have decided to share their skills, experimental facilities and equipment in a scientific consortium named "APIVALE" in order to develop an integrated approach of organic effluent recycling and valorisation.
The scientific consortium provides skills and facilities to perform integrated studies over the whole chain of production and valorisation of organic effluent, possibly in combination with other sources of organic waste (urban or agro-industrial) :
- a feed mill and equipment for the production of forages, and access to pasture, in a precisely controlled way
- experimental facilities for the raising and the collection of fresh excreta from animals of different species (pigs, dairy cows and heifers, dairy goats, poultry)
- equipment and facilities, including a dedicated bioclimatic hall named "Megeve" and respiratory chambers for the measurement of gaseous emissions from manure samples at the laboratory, on individual animals or small groups,
- lab-scale and medium scale facilities for studies on a large variety of treatment technologies (liquid and solid), including aerobic and anaerobic digestion, composting, phase separation, extraction of nutrient, production of microalgae…,
- facilities for the evaluation of the fertilization value of the organic products issued from different technologies,
- a large variety of laboratory equipment for the preparation of samples and the characterization of the organic products, including their micro-organism contents
- tools for the multi-criteria evaluation of the different chains of organic matter valorisation
Examples of research projects in APIVALE scientific consortium:
“Optimization of copper and zinc recycling from animal feeding to the soil in pig production”: the objective of this project is to reduce environmental impact of copper and zinc elements generate by pig production by accommodate animal feeding and slurry management.
“Impact of thermal and electrochemical treatments on spore-forming bacteria (Clostridium) and non-spore-forming bacteria (enterococci)”: The objective of this project is to study the impact of the thermal treatment imposed by European regulations (70°C, 1h) as well as an alternative strategy based on electrochemical treatments on the fate of bacteria during anaerobic digestion of manure.
“Effect of biogas digestate, catch crop and climatic determinants on dissolved organic carbon, nitrates and orthophosphates transfer to subsoil”. This study aims to evaluate the effect of climatic and agronomic determinants (organic wastes products and winter cover crops) on dissolved orthophosphate, organic carbon and nitrate dynamics in soil