<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04154175</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-21T22:54:25+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Cultural determinants of the gap between self-estimated navigation ability and wayfinding performance: evidence from 46 countries</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Szymon</forename>
                <surname>Walkowiak</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2856269-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-300875"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Antoine</forename>
                <surname>Coutrot</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">a71574e69bf9f52fb9211ad6624c6191</email>
              <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">antoine-coutrot</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">178893</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">54813-178893</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-3548</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=L1IJElkAAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/193188821</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-413091"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Pablo</forename>
                <forename type="middle">F</forename>
                <surname>Velasco</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2856270-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-22205"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Jan</forename>
                <forename type="middle">M</forename>
                <surname>Wiener</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1507783-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-237136"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mary</forename>
                <surname>Hegarty</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2428387-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-300693"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Ruth</forename>
                <forename type="middle">C</forename>
                <surname>Dalton</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1507784-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-336598"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Christoph</forename>
                <surname>Hölscher</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">884414-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-180925"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Michael</forename>
                <surname>Hornberger</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1222758-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-336687"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Hugo</forename>
                <forename type="middle">J</forename>
                <surname>Spiers</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1507785-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-300875"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Ed</forename>
                <surname>Manley</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1507779-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-123346"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Antoine</forename>
                <surname>Coutrot</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">a71574e69bf9f52fb9211ad6624c6191</email>
              <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-07-06 15:37:28</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:25:42</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-07-07 07:34:29</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2023</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2023-07-06</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04154175v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2023-07-06"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04154175v1/file/Walkowiak_SciReports2023.pdf" id="file-4154175-3617734">
                <date notBefore="2023-07-06"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="171154">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Antoine</forename>
                  <surname>Coutrot</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">a71574e69bf9f52fb9211ad6624c6191</email>
                <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04154175</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04154175</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">walkowiak:hal-04154175</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Scientific Reports&lt;/i&gt;, 2023, 13, pp.10844. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30937-w"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1038/s41598-023-30937-w&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Scientific Reports, 2023, 13, pp.10844. &amp;#x27E8;10.1038/s41598-023-30937-w&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-4154175-3617734"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LYON1">Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LYON2">Université Lumière Lyon 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-LYON">Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="EC-LYON">Ecole Centrale de Lyon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LIRIS" corresp="UNIV-LYON1">Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LYON2">Université Lyon2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-GROUPE">Groupe INSA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UDL">UDL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LYON">Université de Lyon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="HAL-LYON-2-NOUVELLE-VERSION">Nouvelle version portail </idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Cultural determinants of the gap between self-estimated navigation ability and wayfinding performance: evidence from 46 countries</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Szymon</forename>
                    <surname>Walkowiak</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2856269-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-300875"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Antoine</forename>
                    <surname>Coutrot</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">a71574e69bf9f52fb9211ad6624c6191</email>
                  <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">antoine-coutrot</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">178893</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">54813-178893</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-3548</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=L1IJElkAAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/193188821</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-413091"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Pablo</forename>
                    <forename type="middle">F</forename>
                    <surname>Velasco</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2856270-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-22205"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Jan</forename>
                    <forename type="middle">M</forename>
                    <surname>Wiener</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1507783-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-237136"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mary</forename>
                    <surname>Hegarty</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2428387-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-300693"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Ruth</forename>
                    <forename type="middle">C</forename>
                    <surname>Dalton</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1507784-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-336598"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Christoph</forename>
                    <surname>Hölscher</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">884414-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-180925"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Michael</forename>
                    <surname>Hornberger</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1222758-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-336687"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Hugo</forename>
                    <forename type="middle">J</forename>
                    <surname>Spiers</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1507785-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-300875"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Ed</forename>
                    <surname>Manley</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1507779-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-123346"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">89181</idno>
                <idno type="issn">2045-2322</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">2045-2322</idno>
                <title level="j">Scientific Reports</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Nature Publishing Group</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">13</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">10844</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2023</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1038/s41598-023-30937-w</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="scco">Cognitive science</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Cognitive abilities can vary widely. Some people excel in certain skills, others struggle. However, not all those who describe themselves as gifted are. One possible influence on self-estimates is the surrounding culture. Some cultures may amplify self-assurance and others cultivate humility. Past research has shown that people in different countries can be grouped into a set of consistent cultural clusters with similar values and tendencies, such as attitudes to masculinity or individualism. Here we explored whether such cultural dimensions might relate to the extent to which populations in 46 countries overestimate or underestimate their cognitive abilities in the domain of spatial navigation. Using the Sea Hero Quest navigation test and a large sample (N = 383,187) we found cultural clusters of countries tend to be similar in how they self-rate ability relative to their actual performance. Across the world population sampled, higher self-ratings were associated with better performance. However, at the national level, higher self-ratings as a nation were not associated with better performance as a nation. Germanic and Near East countries were found to be most overconfident in their abilities and Nordic countries to be most under-confident in their abilities. Gender stereotypes may play a role in mediating this pattern, with larger national positive attitudes to male stereotyped roles (Hofstede's masculinity dimension) associated with a greater overconfidence in performance at the national level. We also replicate, with higher precision than prior studies, evidence that older men tend to overestimate their navigation skill more than other groups. These findings give insight into how culture and demographics may impact self-estimates of our abilities.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300875" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">029789753</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02jx3x895</idno>
          <orgName>University College London [UCL]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UCL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ucl.ac.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-413091" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">SICAL</orgName>
          <date type="start">2015-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-2003" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-33804" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-126765" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-194495" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR5205" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-22205" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">033602573</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02tyrky19</idno>
          <orgName>Trinity College Dublin</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland</addrLine>
              <country key="IE"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.tcd.ie/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-237136" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05wwcw481</idno>
          <orgName>Bournemouth University [Poole]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">BU</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300693" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02t274463</idno>
          <orgName>University of California [Santa Barbara]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UC Santa Barbara</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Santa Barbara, CA 93106</addrLine>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ucsb.edu/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-471291" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-336598" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">077597192</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/049e6bc10</idno>
          <orgName>Northumbria University [Newcastle]</orgName>
          <date type="start">1969-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Newcastle City Campus, 2 Ellison Pl, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.northumbria.ac.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-180925" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05a28rw58</idno>
          <orgName>Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology  [Zürich]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ETH Zürich</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Hauptgebäude, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich</addrLine>
              <country key="CH"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ethz.ch/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-336687" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/026k5mg93</idno>
          <orgName>University of East Anglia [Norwich]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UEA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.uea.ac.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-123346" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/024mrxd33</idno>
          <orgName>University of Leeds</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Woodhouse Lane, Leeds  LS2 9JT</addrLine>
              <country key="GB"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.leeds.ac.uk/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-2003" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">149705271</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122577669</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200511875R</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04dv4he91</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LIRIS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2003-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bâtiment Blaise Pascal - 20, avenue Albert Einstein - 69621 Villeurbanne cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://liris.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-33804" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-126765" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-194495" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR5205" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-33804" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02640334X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2188 0906</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03rth4p18</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q4041</idno>
          <orgName>Université Lumière - Lyon 2</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UL2</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>86, rue Pasteur - 69007 Lyon</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-lyon2.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-126765" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05s6rge65</idno>
          <orgName>École Centrale de Lyon</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ECL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>36 avenue Guy de Collongue - 69134 Ecully cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ec-lyon.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301088" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01rk35k63</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Lyon</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universite-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-194495" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026402823</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121686185</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/029brtt94</idno>
          <orgName>Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UCBL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-lyon1.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-219748" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">052444724</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2292 0228</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA Lyon</orgName>
          <date type="start">1957-03-18</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.insa-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301232" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162105150</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-471291" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00pjdza24</idno>
          <orgName>University of California</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UC</orgName>
          <date type="start">1869-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="US"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>