<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04153642</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-06T11:23:31+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">About the modal shift. Lessons from the parisian case</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">À propos du report modal. Les enseignements du cas parisien</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Frédéric</forename>
                <surname>Heran</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">727329-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1188"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Revue CST</forename>
                <surname>Imports</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">9a590a0a3da89be88ee3acc874444a8f</email>
              <email type="domain">episciences.org</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-07-06 11:56:00</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2025-11-20 10:46:31</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-07-06 11:56:00</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2017-03-31</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2023-07-06</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04153642v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2023-07-06"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="publisherAgreement" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04153642v1/file/CST_71_05_Heran.pdf" id="file-4153642-3617216">
                <date notBefore="2023-07-06"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="1423957">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Revue CST</forename>
                  <surname>Imports</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">9a590a0a3da89be88ee3acc874444a8f</email>
                <email type="domain">episciences.org</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04153642</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04153642</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">heran:hal-04153642</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Les Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport / Scientific Papers in Transportation&lt;/i&gt;, 2017, 71 | 2017, pp.99-124. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.46298/cst.12161"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.46298/cst.12161&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Les Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport / Scientific Papers in Transportation, 2017, 71 | 2017, pp.99-124. &amp;#x27E8;10.46298/cst.12161&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 - Attribution - Non-commercial use - ShareAlike<ref corresp="#file-4153642-3617216"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SHS">Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LILLE">Université de Lille</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CST">Cahiers scientifiques du transport</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CLERSE">Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">About the modal shift. Lessons from the parisian case</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">À propos du report modal. Les enseignements du cas parisien</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Frédéric</forename>
                    <surname>Heran</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">727329-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1188"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">28225</idno>
                <idno type="issn">1150-8809</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">2804-2107</idno>
                <title level="j">Les Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport / Scientific Papers in Transportation</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Paradigme [1985, n° 11-12 - 1993, n° 28] - Association française des instituts de transport et de logistique (AFITL) [1994-....]</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">71 | 2017</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">99-124</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2017-03-31</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.46298/cst.12161</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="fr">French</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="fr">N90</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs">Humanities and Social Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>The modal shift has never been more important than it is today, in the heart of big cities. The case of Paris is a clear and yet little known illustration. In 25 years, the modal share of the automobile has fallen by 45%, public transport has increased by 30%, cycling was multiplied by ten, and, after a doubling, motorized two-wheelers have begun to decline. This borderline case shows that the modal shift does not depend on the authorities’ injunctions, but much more on the importance of residential mobility. It increases when transport policies are particularly coherent by combining traffic calming with credible alternatives implementation. All territories end up being concerned and everything is a matter of rhythm compatible with the aspirations of the population.</p>
            </abstract>
            <abstract xml:lang="fr">
              <p>Le report modal n’a jamais été aussi important qu’aujourd’hui au cœur des grandes villes. Le cas de Paris intra-muros en est une illustration manifeste et pourtant peu connue. En 25 ans, la part modale de l’automobile a chuté de 45 %, celle des transports publics a augmenté de 30 %, celle du vélo a décuplé et, après un doublement, celle du deux-roues motorisé amorce une décrue. Ce cas limite montre que le report modal ne dépend guère des injonctions des autorités, mais beaucoup plus de l’importance de la mobilité résidentielle. Il s’accroît quand les politiques de déplacement sont particulièrement cohérentes en combinant une modération de la circulation automobile à la mise en œuvre d’alternatives crédibles. Tous les territoires finissent par être concernés et tout est une question de rythme compatible avec les aspirations de la population.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1188" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">027927865</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2192 5545</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200212693T</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00mghmd60</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q2945851</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CLERSÉ</orgName>
          <date type="start">2002-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université de Lille - Sciences et technologies - Bâtiment SH2 - 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex -</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://clerse.univ-lille.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR8019" active="#struct-374570" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR8019" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-374570" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">223446556</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2242 6780</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kzqn938</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q3551621</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Lille</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>EPE Université de Lille. -- 42 rue Paul Duez, 59000 Lille</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-lille.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>