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Article Dans Une Revue Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences - Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration Année : 2023

The French approach to entrepreneurial failure: A profound paradigm shift

L'approche française du rebond entrepreneurial: un changement profond de paradigme

Karine Lemercier

Résumé

From the long-standing disapproval attached to the "bankruptcy" of the entrepreneur, through the contested recognition of the right not to pay his debts, the French law of insolvency has evolved to gradually take into account the fate of the man in entrepreneurial failure. Thus, the objective of the rebound of the entrepreneur is part of the reforms of the law of companies in difficulty for several years: introduction of professional recovery leading to the cancellation of debts, acceleration of the judicial liquidation procedure, limitation of the scope of the guarantees offered to creditors and reduction of the weight of sanctions. Beyond the measures, the evolution of the law of companies in difficulty reflects a real mutation in the French perception of entrepreneurial failure. A paradigm shift is taking place where the culture of failure gradually gives way to a culture of rebound, so that the entrepreneur can be entitled to a "second chance". The article focuses on the legal mechanisms of the rebound of the individual entrepreneur after a judicial liquidation under French law. The objective is to demonstrate that a paradigm shift is taking place where the culture of failure is gradually giving way to a culture of rebound. If the change has appeared for thirty years, it appears more blatantly for three years, whether in European or French law. However, many economic stigmas persist, such as indicators in the banking file of companies or data on judicial liquidation that remain publicly available. In order to promote the rebound of the entrepreneur, we propose in particular the establishment of a right to be forgotten.
De la réprobation longtemps attachée à la « faillite » de l’entrepreneur, en passant par la reconnaissance contestée du droit de ne pas payer ses dettes, le droit français des entreprises en difficulté a évolué pour prendre en compte progressivement le sort de l’homme en échec entrepreneurial. C’est ainsi que l’objectif du rebond de l’entrepreneur s’inscrit dans les réformes du droit des entreprises en difficulté depuis plusieurs années : instauration du rétablissement professionnel conduisant à l’effacement des dettes, accélération de la procédure de liquidation judiciaire, limitation de la portée des garanties offertes aux créanciers et réduction du poids des sanctions. Au-delà des mesures, l’évolution du droit des entreprises en difficulté traduit une véritable mutation de la perception française de l’échec entrepreneurial. Un changement de paradigme se met en place où la culture de l’échec laisse place progressivement à une culture du rebond, afin que l’entrepreneur puisse avoir droit à une « seconde chance ».

Dates et versions

hal-04143851 , version 1 (28-06-2023)

Identifiants

Citer

Karine Lemercier. The French approach to entrepreneurial failure: A profound paradigm shift. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences - Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 2023, ⟨10.1002/cjas.1727⟩. ⟨hal-04143851⟩
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