American mathematical journals and the transmission of French textbooks to the USA
Résumé
In the nineteenth century, American journals became an important vehicle for the dissemination of the scientific knowledge, including the French mathematics exposed in famous textbooks in particular written for École Polytechnique teaching and admission by the leading mathematics scholars of the period 1785-1825. Specialized United States mathematical journals frequently and accurately referred to passages of these works published in France. This article discusses the forms of this circulation (articles, questions, and courses), the origin of the borrowings (textbooks, treatises) and the evolution of the contents during the first half of the century while translations of French textbooks were published in America. It also examines the identity of the journals contributors who introduced theorems, exercises or proofs initially written by French professors or textbook authors. Considering the thematic network of contributors in term of common uses and references, this work shows that the diffusion of French mathematics in American papers relied on specific educational needs.
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