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Poster De Conférence Année : 2023

Protection of wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici by mycorrhizal inoculation

Résumé

Development of sustainable agriculture requires the reduction of phytosanitary product applications, which are harmful to human health and environment. Thus, biocontrol methods using beneficial living microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), could represent alternatives to conventional methods for crop diseases management. AMF live in symbiosis with the roots of most terrestrial plant species. Previous studies, carried out in controlled conditions, showed that mycorrhizal inoculation with the AMF strain Funneliformis mosseae (Fm) protects wheat against powdery mildew until 74%, which is linked to the induction of defenses via Mycorrhizal Induced Resistance (MIR) (Mustafa et al., 2016, 2017). Otherwise, AMF could be used against Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici (Zt), liable to yield losses of up to 40% in the Hauts-de-France region. Our study was carried out on the bread wheat cultivar “Alixan”, which is susceptible to STB, in controlled conditions. First, the protection rate conferred by Fm to wheat against STB was assessed on 9-week-old plants, i.e. 3 weeks after infection with Zt. A protection against STB with more than 22% of reduction of necrosis and chlorosis was observed in AMF-inoculated wheat. The root mycorrhizal rate reached 50%. Then we aimed at performing transcriptomic analysis on wheat leaves for (i) characterizing the early leaf molecular markers specific to AMF-wheat interaction, and (ii) finding those specific to MIR establishment on infected plants by Zt, both by using the "Wheat Gene Expression Microarray" (Agilent Technologies, USA; 43.803 probes). This microarray was developed for enable wheat transcriptome profiling in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The third leaf of each plant, inoculated or not with Fm, was sampled at 3rd and 4th weeks of culture for studying early AMF-wheat interactions. Then, for characterisation of a panel of specific markers of MIR establishment, third leaves were sampled 48h after artificial infection with Zt of 6-week-old wheat leaves. These molecular markers will be validated later on wheat inoculated with various commercial AMF inoculums, leading or not to wheat protection. Finally, the most effective markers will allow to select the best native AMF strains, sampled in organic wheat fields and grown in the laboratory, in terms of mycorrhizogenic and protective potential on wheat against STB.
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Dates et versions

hal-04128687 , version 1 (14-06-2023)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04128687 , version 1

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Mathieu Delaeter, Maryline Magnin-Robert, Beatrice Randoux, Anissa Lounès - Hadj Sahraoui. Protection of wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici by mycorrhizal inoculation. ISCP 2023 – 74th International Symposium on Crop Protection, May 2023, Ghent, Belgium. ⟨hal-04128687⟩
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