In a world with limited natural resources and growing needs, securing current conditions without decreasing future generations’ ability to supply their needs is a significant challenge, and sustainable development with this concept has become one of the main topics in the present and future. The construction industry is one of the most critical and active industries that must be more advanced and increase its knowledge in sustainable development. In the present study, at first, different sustainable building rating systems were assessed with a focus on structural engineering and sustainable design, then the structural engineer as one of the essential roles of the construction industry discussed. Finally, while drawing the actual position of Structural Engineers in Sustainable Development, we will discuss challenges and guidelines in the Sustainable Design of Buildings.