A Generic Tool-Supported Framework for Coupling Task Models and Interactive Applications
Résumé
Task models are a very powerful artefact describing users' goals and users' activity and contain numerous information extremely useful for designing usable interactive application. Indeed, task models is one of the very few means for ensuring effectiveness of the application i.e. that the application allows users to reach their goals and perform their tasks. Despite those advantages, task models are usually perceived as a very expensive artefact to build that has to be thrown away as soon as the interactive application has been designed, i.e. right after the early stages of the design process are performed. However, tasks models can also be of great help for instance when used to support training material production, for training of operators and for providing tasks and goals oriented contextual help while the interactive application is being used ... This paper proposes a tool-supported framework for exploiting task models throughout the development process and even when the interactive application is deployed and used. To this end, we introduce a framework for connecting task models to an existing, executable, interactive application. The main contribution of the paper lies in the definition of a systematic correspondence between the user interface elements of the interactive application and the low level tasks in the task model. Depending on the fact that the code of the application is available or not, the fact that the application has been prepared at programming time for such integration or not, we propose different alternatives to perform such correspondence (in a tool-supported way). This task-application integration allows the exploitation of task models at run time bringing in the benefits listed above to any interactive application. The approach, the tools and the integration are presented on a case study of a Flight Control Unit (FCU) used in aircraft cockpits.
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