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            <title xml:lang="fr">"Le français, matière ou discipline ?"</title>
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              <p>In this article, we analyze when and how, in France, in the lycées and the faculties of letters, between 1850 and 1900, one started to think the nowledge of the language (grammatical and literary) under the category of "French". "French" ceased in fact to be understood only as a subject of study (the French language) to become an instance of disciplinarity, acquiring some of the values traditionally recognized to the study of ancient languages. This evolution was achieved by means of a reorganization of classicism (chronological opening of the lists of authors, limitation to the texts of 'pure literature') and of the introduction, within the French discipline, of the gaps that colinguism created between French and Latin: historical and cultural gaps, thanks to the contributions of literary history and historical grammar; linguistic gaps, thanks to the constitution of a metalanguage of the exercise, in the explicated reading and in French "dissertation".</p>
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