In the context of Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) and digital twins are key technologies for the management of huge amount of data generated by Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) devices. However, the interoperability and flexibility of different components is still an important challenge so as to integrate them in the process and fit all industrial specific needs. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to propose a database architecture and a data model associated allowing multiple agents to work collaboratively and synchronously to perform high-level tasks. Therefore, it fulfils requirements and needs of Industry 4.0: interoperability, scalability, flexibility and resilience. The proposed architecture and model are implemented on a cyber-physical production system (CPPS) which is used in order to show and discuss several use cases examples.