<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04065439</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-17T18:33:23+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Performance Analysis of RPL Protocols in LLN Network Using Friedman’s Test</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Novi</forename>
                <surname>Azman</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2783104-0</idno>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Abdusy</forename>
                <surname>Syarif</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">727713-0</idno>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mohamed El Amine</forename>
                <surname>Brahmia</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">39ef33d3b25135c5cb6f10cf7d6d8ae9</email>
              <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">mohamed-el-amine-brahmia</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1874</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3126877-1874</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">http://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=9M3L2ZUAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/169915298</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-210X</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1059165"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Jean-François</forename>
                <surname>Dollinger</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">d2b57120586f5fd2ff6948d33892a62d</email>
              <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">jf-dollinger</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1250212</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">712331-1250212</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-2320</idno>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Samir</forename>
                <surname>Ouchani</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">fa6da37385c45b375161aa14d1298a6a</email>
              <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">souchani</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1247099</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1280124-1247099</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7997-8225</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/CAE-9659-2022</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">6AnqVqUAAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/CAE-9659-2022</idno>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Lhassane</forename>
                <surname>Idoumghar</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">15981-0</idno>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Amine</forename>
                <surname>BRAHMIA</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">40729b89d2e28d22349384ac7fdadfde</email>
              <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2023-04-11 20:07:47</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-03-11 03:20:49</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2023-04-14 11:37:18</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2020-12-14</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2025-05-11</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04065439v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2025-05-11"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04065439v1/file/Novi_Performance_Analysis_of_RPL_625.pdf" id="file-4065439-3541299">
                <date notBefore="2025-05-11"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="305276">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Amine</forename>
                  <surname>BRAHMIA</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">40729b89d2e28d22349384ac7fdadfde</email>
                <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04065439</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04065439</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">azman:hal-04065439</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;2020 7th International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)&lt;/i&gt;, Dec 2020, Paris, France. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IOTSMS52051.2020.9340203"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1109/IOTSMS52051.2020.9340203&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">2020 7th International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS), Dec 2020, Paris, France. &amp;#x27E8;10.1109/IOTSMS52051.2020.9340203&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-4065439-3541299"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="HESAM">Hesam</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="HESAM-CESI" corresp="HESAM">CESI : groupe d’Enseignement Supérieur et de Formation Professionnelle - Hesam</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LINEACT-CESI">Groupe d’Enseignement Supérieur et de Formation Professionnelle </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CESI">CESI - GROUPE D'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE FORMATION PROFESSIONNELLE </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="DDRS-TEST-CJ">Test de la collection DD-RS</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="0">No</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Performance Analysis of RPL Protocols in LLN Network Using Friedman’s Test</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Novi</forename>
                    <surname>Azman</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2783104-0</idno>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Abdusy</forename>
                    <surname>Syarif</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">727713-0</idno>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mohamed El Amine</forename>
                    <surname>Brahmia</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">39ef33d3b25135c5cb6f10cf7d6d8ae9</email>
                  <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">mohamed-el-amine-brahmia</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1874</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3126877-1874</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">http://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=9M3L2ZUAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/169915298</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-210X</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1059165"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Jean-François</forename>
                    <surname>Dollinger</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">d2b57120586f5fd2ff6948d33892a62d</email>
                  <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">jf-dollinger</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1250212</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">712331-1250212</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-2320</idno>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Samir</forename>
                    <surname>Ouchani</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">fa6da37385c45b375161aa14d1298a6a</email>
                  <email type="domain">cesi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">souchani</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1247099</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1280124-1247099</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7997-8225</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/CAE-9659-2022</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">6AnqVqUAAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/CAE-9659-2022</idno>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Lhassane</forename>
                    <surname>Idoumghar</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">15981-0</idno>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <title level="m">2020 7th International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)</title>
                <meeting>
                  <title>2020 7th International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)</title>
                  <date type="start">2020-12-14</date>
                  <date type="end">2020-12-16</date>
                  <settlement>Paris</settlement>
                  <country key="FR">France</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>IEEE</publisher>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1109/IOTSMS52051.2020.9340203</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">IoT</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Friedman Test</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">LLN</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Routing</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">RPL</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">RPL Routing LLN IoT Friedman Test</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info">Computer Science [cs]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>This paper provides a comparison study of the quality services of RPL protocols in low-power and lossy networks (LLN). We evaluate and compare our proposed protocol which is an extension of RPL based on Operator Calculus (OC), called RPL-OC, with the standard and other RPL variants. OC based approach is applied to extract the feasible end-to-end paths while assigning a rank to each one. The goal is to provide a tuple that containing the most efficient paths in end-to-end manner by considering more network metrics instead of one. Further, to address some significant issues of the performance analysis, a statistical test has been performed in order to determine whether the proposed protocol outperforms others or not by using Friedman test. The results show that there is a strong indication that four different protocols were analyzed and compared. It reveals that the proposed scheme outperforms others, especially in terms of end-to-end delay and energy consumption which allow ensuring quality of services requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) or smart city applications.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1059165" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201522514L</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'Innovation Numérique pour les Entreprises et les Apprentissages au service de la Compétitivité des Territoires</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LINEACT</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://lineact.cesi.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-470176" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302628" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-470176" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">197380506</idno>
          <orgName>CESI : groupe d’Enseignement Supérieur et de Formation Professionnelle</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CESI</orgName>
          <date type="start">2016-11-02</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.cesi.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302628" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-302628" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">238277429</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/042949r55</idno>
          <orgName>HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HESAM</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>15, rue Soufflot75005 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.hesam.eu</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>