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                <title level="m">Des établissements laténiens et gallo-romains sur le plateau de Tours Nord (Indre-et-Loire) : Les fouilles de Champ Chardon et du Tramway</title>
                <editor>Agnès Couderc</editor>
                <editor>Jean-Marie Laruaz</editor>
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                  <pubPlace>Joué-les-Tours</pubPlace>
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                  <biblScope unit="pp">157-315</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2018</date>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">souterrain</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">parcellaire</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">enclos</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">métallurgie</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">établissement rural</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Tours</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Turons</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Moyen Âge</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Antiquité</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">La Tène</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">architecture</term>
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              <p>En 2011, à l’occasion de la construction de la première ligne de tramway de l’agglomération tourangelle, deux fouilles ont été réalisées à l’extrémité du tracé, sur le plateau au nord de Tours. Ces deux fouilles, séparées par une centaine de mètres seulement, ont permis de fouiller une surface de 4,2 ha et de mettre en évidence des occupations humaines comprises entre le vie-v e s. av. n. è. et le xie s. de n. è. Toutes périodes confondues, une quarantaine de plans de constructions sur poteaux ont été identifiés, dont certains inédits. À cela s’ajoute la découverte exceptionnelled’un souterrain daté du deuxième âge du Fer, qui se rapproche de modèles jusque-là identifiés uniquement en Bretagne ou en Normandie. Quelques indices lithiques indiquent une fréquentation des lieux au cours de la Préhistoire. La première occupation est un établissement ouvert, à l’organisation très lâche, et que l’on peut dater du vie ou v e s. av. n. è. La période d’occupation la plus intense est située à la fin de l’âge du Fer, où trois enclos se succèdent. Le premier d’entre eux semble être lié à une activité métallurgique importante. Les deux suivants ont plus certainement une vocation agropastorale. Tous témoignent du soin particulier accordé à leur organisation. On ne constate pas de hiatus avec la période romaine, néanmoins le secteur fait l’objet d’un évident déclassement. Le cœur de l’habitat se déplace manifestement plus au nord, en dehors de l’emprise. Le parcellaire continue néanmoins d’être entretenu pendant les siècles suivants. Pour finir, on observe la mise en place de deux petites unités d’habitat au cours du xie s., qui possèdent un grand nombre de similitudes, mais leur implantation aura été de courte durée. Après cet épisode, l’ensemble de la zone n’est plus utilisé qu’à des fins agricoles jusqu’à l’arrivée du tramway.</p>
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