Dental data challenge the ubiquitous presence of Homo in the Cradle of Humankind - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Année : 2022

Dental data challenge the ubiquitous presence of Homo in the Cradle of Humankind

Clément Zanolli (1) , Thomas W Davies (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Renaud Joannes-Boyau (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Amélie Beaudet , Laurent Bruxelles (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Frikkie de Beer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Jakobus Hoffman (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Lazarus Kgasi (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Ottmar Kullmer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Roberto Macchiarelli (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Lei Pan (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Friedemann Schrenk (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Frédéric Santos (1) , Dominic Stratford (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Mirriam Tawane (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Francis Thackeray (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Song Xing (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Bernhard Zipfel (10, 2, 3, 4, 13, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 12) , Matthew M Skinner (2, 3, 4, 13, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 11, 10, 12) , Jean-Jacques Hublin (13, 12, 10, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9)
Clément Zanolli
De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
Thomas W Davies
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Renaud Joannes-Boyau
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Amélie Beaudet
Laurent Bruxelles
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Frikkie de Beer
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Jakobus Hoffman
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Lazarus Kgasi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Ottmar Kullmer
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Roberto Macchiarelli
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Lei Pan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Friedemann Schrenk
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Frédéric Santos
De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
Dominic Stratford
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Mirriam Tawane
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Francis Thackeray
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Song Xing
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Bernhard Zipfel
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Matthew M Skinner
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [Pretoria, South Africa]
School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Jean-Jacques Hublin
Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
Southern Cross GeoScience
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation [Pretoria]
Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main

Résumé

The origins of Homo , as well as the diversity and biogeographic distribution of early Homo species, remain critical outstanding issues in paleoanthropology. Debates about the recognition of early Homo , first appearance dates, and taxonomic diversity within Homo are particularly important for determining the role that southern African taxa may have played in the origins of the genus. The correct identification of Homo remains also has implications for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships between species of Australopithecus and Paranthropus , and the links between early Homo species and Homo erectus . We use microcomputed tomography and landmark-free deformation-based three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to extract taxonomically informative data from the internal structure of postcanine teeth attributed to Early Pleistocene Homo in the southern African hominin-bearing sites of Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Drimolen, and Kromdraai B. Our results indicate that, from our sample of 23 specimens, only 4 are unambiguously attributed to Homo , 3 of them coming from Swartkrans member 1 (SK 27, SK 847, and SKX 21204) and 1 from Sterkfontein (Sts 9). Three other specimens from Sterkfontein (StW 80 and 81, SE 1508, and StW 669) approximate the Homo condition in terms of overall enamel–dentine junction shape, but retain Australopithecus -like dental traits, and their generic status remains unclear. The other specimens, including SK 15, present a dominant australopith dental signature. In light of these results, previous dietary and ecological interpretations can be reevaluated, showing that the geochemical signal of one tooth from Kromdraai (KB 5223) and two from Swartkrans (SK 96 and SKX 268) is consistent with that of australopiths.

Domaines

Sciences de l'Homme et Société Archéologie et Préhistoire
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Soumis le : jeudi 23 mars 2023-18:41:17

Dernière modification le : dimanche 3 novembre 2024-16:20:02

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hal-04043599 , version 1 (23-03-2023)

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Clément Zanolli, Thomas W Davies, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, Amélie Beaudet, Laurent Bruxelles, et al.. Dental data challenge the ubiquitous presence of Homo in the Cradle of Humankind. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022, 119 (28), ⟨10.1073/pnas.2111212119⟩. ⟨hal-04043599⟩

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