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              <p>The alteration of the rupelian limestone in Gironde, by the process of ghost-rock karstification, was studied on the Entredeux-Mers low plateau, into surface and underground quarries. Several types of morphologies were brought out: 1) in situ subhorizontal haloes; 2) subhorizontal recessing areas with vault pendants; 3) irregularly recessed weathered areas; 4) pseudoendokarst in the form of large multi-metric porches. Pleistocene palaeokarst exploiting ancient ghost-rock areas have also been identified. Some boreholes on the left bank of the Garonne River show a total loss during mud injection into the Rupelian limestone, between 15 and 35 m depth. Because of the induced decrease of the water table, pumping can lead to collapses. This highlighting of the phenomenon of ghost-rock karstification allows us to better understand the speleogenesis of the Gironde caves, either in non-phreatic zone (Entre-Deux-Mers) or in phreatic zone (porous reservoirs of the Graves area). Paleogeographic studies suggest that the alteration process first occurred during the platform's emersion at the end of the Rupelian, and probably in the Upper Miocene during the second emersion.</p>
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              <p>L’altération du calcaire rupélien de Gironde, de type « fantômisation », a été étudiée dans des carrières de surface etsouterraines du bas‐plateau de l’Entre‐Deux‐Mers. Plusieurs types de morphologies sont mis en évidence : 1) des auréolessubhorizontales en place ; 2) des zones subhorizontales en voie d’évidemment avec pendants de voûte ; 3) des zones altéréesirrégulières ± évidées ; 4) des pseudoendokarsts en forme de grands porches plurimétriques. Des paléokarsts pléistocènesexploitant d’anciennes zones fantômisées ont aussi été identifiés. Certains forages en rive gauche de la Garonne montrentune perte d’injection dans le calcaire rupélien sur 15 à 35 m d’épaisseur. Cette mise en évidence du phénomène defantômisation permet de mieux comprendre la spéléogenèse des cavités de la région, soit en zone dénoyée (Entre‐Deux‐Mers), soit en zone noyée (réservoirs poreux des Graves). A cause du rabattement de la nappe phréatique, les pompagespeuvent induire des effondrements. L’étude paléogéographique suggère que la fantômisation s’est produite d’abord lors del’émersion de la plate‐forme à la fin du Rupélien et probablement au Miocène supérieur lors de la seconde émersion.</p>
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