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            <title xml:lang="en">A persistent cod collapse. Controversies and reorganization of Canadian governmental science between 1990 and 2020</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">A persistent cod collapse. Controversies and reorganization of Canadian governmental science between 1990 and 2020</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Un effondrement durable des morues au Canada. Controverses et réorganisation de la science gouvernementale entre 1990 et 2020</title>
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              <p>In the 1990s in Canada, the largest cod stock in the world collapsed due to overfishing. Canadian fisheries science is to blame: it has failed to set good quotas and regulate this resource. That failure was leading to a crisis of expertise, which has extended in several directions. Knowledge on marine biodiversity is mainly produced at the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, defined as a regime of "governmental science" but that is not yet well described. Controversy continues as cod populations do not recover, despite fishing moratoria and scientific predictions. This article shows how epistemic reorganizations are taking place to establish collaborations beyond specialties in order to obtain an ecosystemic, even globalized approach to the ocean. The divergent methods and results reflect the diversity of different social visions concerned with a collapse of living beings and its consequences.</p>
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              <p>Dans les années 1990 au Canada, le plus grand stock de morues au monde s’effondre. Les sciences halieutiques canadiennes sont considérées comme responsables : elles n’ont pas réussi à fixer de bons quotas et réguler cette ressource soumise à une surpêche. Cet échec conduit à une crise de l’expertise, qui se déploie dans plusieurs directions. Les façons de produire des connaissances sur la biodiversité marine au sein du Ministère Pêches et Océans Canada - dans un régime de « science gouvernementale » - deviennent la principale source de controverses. Celles-ci se poursuivent encore car les populations de morue ne se restaurent pas, malgré les moratoires sur la pêche et les prévisions scientifiques. Cet article montre comment des réorganisations épistémiques s’opèrent alors pour nouer des collaborations au-delà des spécialités afin d’obtenir une approche écosystémique, voire globalisée de l’océan. Les méthodes et les résultats divergents traduisent la diversité des visions adoptées pour gouverner l’effondrement du vivant et ses conséquences.</p>
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