It remains unclear how soil microbes respond to labile organic carbon (LOC) inputs and how temperature sensitivity ($Q_{10}$) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is affected by LOC inputs in a short-term. In this study, $^{13}$C-labeled glucose was added to a pristine grassland soil at four temperatures (10, 15, 20, and 25 ◦C), and the immediate utilization of LOC and native SOM by microbes was measured minutely in a short-term. We found that the LOC addition stimulated the native SOM decomposition, and elevated temperature enhanced the intensity of microbial response to LOC addition. The ratio between microbial respiration derived from LOC and native SOM increased with higher temperature, and more LOC for respiration. Additionally, LOC addition increased the $Q_{10}$ of SOM decomposition, and the $Q_{10}$ of LOC decomposition is higher than that of native SOM. Overall, these findings emphasize the important role of temperature and LOC inputs in soil C cycles.