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Poster De Conférence Année : 2017

Accelerated rate calorimetry dedicated to the modelling of Li-ion batteries thermal runaway of fresh and aged cells

Résumé

Among different solutions for storage systems dedicated to stationary and automotive applications, Li-ion batteries are considered as one of the best options. Yet, even though they are already used in mass production applications, technological challenges are still to be solved concerning the cost, reliability and safety [1]. Many studies have been led in order to tackle with these 2 last specific subjects. Among them, many have focused on the aging of Li-ion batteries by modelling aging behavior of Li-ion cells [2, 3]. Other studies have focused on the thermal runaway behavior of Li-ion cells describing then the main phenomena involved in this fatal event [4]. Thermal runaway is then mostly described as a cascade series of exothermal reactions [5]: the decomposition of the solid electrolyte interface on the negative electrode, the reaction between the solvent of the electrolyte and the negative electrode, the oxidation of the electrolyte with the positive active material and finally the decomposition of the electrolyte leading to the complete destruction of the battery. However there are still few studies linking safety and ageing. In our work, the calendar ageing effect on safety has been studied. This type of ageing is mainly due to the growth a Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) on graphitic negative electrodes. The SEI is also critical in the cascade series of exothermal reactions as in most thermal runaway mechanisms. For this study, a coupled approach with an experimental study of LFP/C cells thermal runaway at different aging conditions in a specific calorimeter and a modelling work has been performed in order to understand the behavior of fresh and aged cells during thermal abuse. The experimental study showed that the onset temperature of the thermal runaway of aged cells was slightly higher than for fresh cells, indicating that aged cells were safer. By contrast, once the thermal runaway started, the triggering of the last uncontrolled exothermal reaction occurred faster in terms of temperature onset and the temperature finally reached was slightly higher. This could be understood from the modelling study. The SEI, whose thickness increased by the ageing process, further acted as a passivation layer, slowing down the second reaction mechanism observed in the thermal runaway process. It was then possible to study the effect of several parameters on the thermal runaway.

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Dates et versions

hal-04017372 , version 1 (14-03-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04017372 , version 1

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Sara Abada, Martin Petit, Amandine Lecocq, Guy Marlair, Valérie Sauvant-Moynot, et al.. Accelerated rate calorimetry dedicated to the modelling of Li-ion batteries thermal runaway of fresh and aged cells. 48ème édition des Journées de Calorimétrie et d'Analyse Thermique (JCAT48), May 2017, Rueil-Malmaison, France. ⟨hal-04017372⟩
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