Polyglutamine-expanded ATXN7 alters a specific epigenetic signature underlying photoreceptor identity gene expression in SCA7 mouse retinopathy - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Biomedical Science Année : 2022

Polyglutamine-expanded ATXN7 alters a specific epigenetic signature underlying photoreceptor identity gene expression in SCA7 mouse retinopathy

Résumé

Background:  Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the cerebel‑lum and retina. SCA7 is caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the ATXN7 protein, a subunit of the transcriptional coactivator SAGA that acetylates histone H3 to deposit narrow H3K9ac mark at DNA regulatory elements of active genes. Defective histone acetylation has been presented as a possible cause for gene deregulation in SCA7 mouse models. However, the topography of acetylation defects at the whole genome level and its relationship to changes in gene expression remain to be determined. Methods:  We performed deep RNA-sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to high-throughput sequencing to examine the genome-wide correlation between gene deregulation and alteration of the active transcription marks, e.g. SAGA-related H3K9ac, CBP-related H3K27ac and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), in a SCA7 mouse retinopathy model. Results:  Our analyses revealed that active transcription marks are reduced at most gene promoters in SCA7 retina, while a limited number of genes show changes in expression. We found that SCA7 retinopathy is caused by prefer‑ential downregulation of hundreds of highly expressed genes that define morphological and physiological identities of mature photoreceptors. We further uncovered that these photoreceptor genes harbor unusually broad H3K9ac profiles spanning the entire gene bodies and have a low RNAPII pausing. This broad H3K9ac signature co-occurs with other features that delineate superenhancers, including broad H3K27ac, binding sites for photoreceptor specific transcription factors and expression of enhancer-related non-coding RNAs (eRNAs). In SCA7 retina, downregulated photoreceptor genes show decreased H3K9 and H3K27 acetylation and eRNA expression as well as increased RNAPII pausing, suggesting that superenhancer-related features are altered.
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hal-03935562 , version 1 (11-01-2023)

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Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka, Antoine Hache, Stéphanie Le Gras, Céline Keime, Tao Ye, et al.. Polyglutamine-expanded ATXN7 alters a specific epigenetic signature underlying photoreceptor identity gene expression in SCA7 mouse retinopathy. Journal of Biomedical Science, 2022, 107, ⟨10.1186/s12929-022-00892-1⟩. ⟨hal-03935562⟩
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