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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail (Preprint/Prepublication) Année : 2022

Iran-Iraq Relations and Pan-Shia Strategies

Résumé

Undoubtedly, the fall of Saddam Hussein and the collapse of the Ba'athist regime contented the Islamic Republic of Iran. Tehran's regime took advantage of the chaos and the power vacuum caused in the wake of the US invasion of Iraq to pursue its pan-Shiite. The Islamic Republic of Iran, which was able to consolidate itself thanks to the Iraq-Iran war (1980-1988) perfectly harnessed the situation of crisis and extreme tensions in Iraq to impose its hegemony. The theocratic state of Tehran, by resuming its diplomatic relations, established economic and trade relations and by offering its support to the new government dominated by the Shiites, thus ensured it would gain the upper hand over the Iraqi state. The Quds force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Army, also called Pasdaran (the Guardians), under the pretext of wanting to protect Shia Muslims, began to recruit among Iraqi Shiites to set up and train paramilitary groups and create the "Axis of Resistance" (mehvar-e moghavemat). However, this Axis by allowing them to strengthen their operational capacity by Iraqi non-state actors served mainly to defend the interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Over the years, notably during the war against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)-or Daesh, Arabic acronym of al-Dawlah al-Islāmiyyah fī al-ʿIrāq wa al-Shām, also called Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS)-the theocratic state of Tehran has continued to gain influence in Iraq, while inside Iran it was faced with an unprecedented serious political crisis sparked in the wake of the fraudulent presidential election of June 2009. It was in this context that Islamic Republic set itself an even more ambitious objective consisting in building itself as an unavoidable regional power. To this end, it has multiplied all kinds of maneuvers to strengthen its position in Iraq. Taking into account the major geostrategic importance that Iraq represents for the Tehran regime, it continues to deploy all the means possible and imaginable for Iraq to be a rear base of some sort to pursue its pan-Shia policy, and thereby to achieve its own strategic objectives in the region.
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hal-03913440 , version 1 (27-12-2022)

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Domaine public

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  • HAL Id : hal-03913440 , version 1

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Marie Ladier-Fouladi. Iran-Iraq Relations and Pan-Shia Strategies. 2022. ⟨hal-03913440⟩
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