The keloids are fibroproliferative disorders described by an excessive growth of fibrotic tissue, which also invades adjacent areas (beyond the original wound borders). Since these disorders are specific to humans (no other animal species naturally develop keloid-like tissue), the experimental in vivo/in vitro research has not lead to significant advances in this field. One possible approach could be to combine in vitro human models with calibrated in silico mathematical approaches (i.e., models and simulations) to generate new testable biological hypotheses related to biological mechanisms and improved treatments. Since these combined approaches do not really exist for keloid disorders, in this brief review we start by summarising the biology of these disorders, then present various types of mathematical and computational approaches used for related disorders (i.e., wound healing and solid tumours), followed by a discussion of the very few mathematical and computational models published so far to study various inflammatory and mechanical aspects of the keloids. We conclude by discussing the open problems and opportunities offered in the context of keloid disorders by such combined in vitro/in silico approaches, and the need for multidisciplinary research to enable clinical progress.