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                <term xml:lang="en">WIND-TUNNEL TEST</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">3D EFFECT</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">UNSTEADY AERODYNAMICS</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">TURBULENCE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">WIND TURBINE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">WIND-TUNNEL TEST</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">EOLIENNE</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">VENT</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">TURBULENCE</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">ESSAI EN SOUFFLERIE</term>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">EFFET 3D</term>
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              <p>Wind turbines are exposed to the turbulent wind of the atmospheric boundary layer. Consequently, the aerodynamic forces acting on the rotor blades are highly complex. To improve the understanding, a common practice is the experimental or numerical investigation of 2d (wind turbine) blade sections. In these investigations, the flow around the 2d blade section is assumed to be two-dimensional; however, 3d effects are known to occur. Therefore, we combine 2d CFD simulations and experimental investigations in a wind tunnel with a 2d wind turbine rotor blade section at full-scale (i.e., chord length c ¼ 1:25m and chord-based Reynolds number of Re c ¼ 4:7 Á 10 6). In the wind tunnel, the inflow turbulence intensity is TI ≈ 1:5%. To avoid wall effects biasing the results, the profile does not span the whole test section. The profile was equipped with two rows of pressure taps around the airfoil, close to the center, to monitor the time-resolved aerodynamic response as well as the flow around the airfoil. The normal force, c p curves, and the separation point are analyzed. While 2d simulations and experiments match well, in the experiments, we find natural instabilities, that is, local and temporal variations of the flow separation point at angles of attack close to the maximum lift that are not triggered externally, for example, by inflow variations.</p>
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