Prevalence of Intestinal Coccidiosis Among Patients Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)
Résumé
Background and Objective: Intestinal coccidia is one of the main causes of diarrheal infections among people living with HIV (PLHIV). The occurrence of diarrhoea in PLHIV affects their health status. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal coccidia in patients with HIV/AIDS and to investigate a possible correlation between these parasites and the CD4 count in patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in three health care centres of PLHIV in Abidjan. Socio-demographic, clinical and biological data were collected using a questionnaire. Stool and blood samples were collected. Parasitic coprology analysis included the direct microscopic examinations, the concentration techniques (Ritchie and kato-katz) and Ziehl Neelsen. The last one allowed the detection of the oocysts of the coccidia. Results: A total of 363 faecal samples were collected from 03 health care centres. The stool samples collected consisted of 47.65% of diarrhoea. The results of the microscopic analysis revealed 03 intestinal coccidia's namely Cryptosporidium spp. (3.86%), Isospora spp. (1.65%) and Cyclospora spp. (0.83%). The highest microscopic prevalence was recorded in Cryptosporidium spp. (3.86%). Intestinal coccidia was more common in females infected with type 1 of HIV. CD4 count was a significant factor in the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. (χ2 = 29.968, p-value = 0.0001) with a correlation coefficient of -0.2438. Conclusion: This study assessed the microscopic prevalence rates of intestinal coccidia, which are responsible for diarrheal disease among PLHIV. The current study also showed that the presence of these intestinal coccidia's could affect the immune system of PLHIV when the CD4 cell count is below 200 cells mm–3.
Domaines
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]
Origine : Publication financée par une institution