<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-03808046</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-17T06:39:31+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">An Open-Source GNU Radio Framework for LoRa Physical Layer and Collision Resolution</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Weixuan</forename>
                <surname>Xiao</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2297928-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Gil</forename>
                <surname>de Sousa</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">a96601534d360905586fc28f442e2217</email>
              <email type="domain">inrae.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">gil-de-sousa</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">184936</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">17835-184936</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-1723</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/226969886</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1002486"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-577435"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nancy</forename>
                <surname>El Rachkidy</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">01eeec889c6331fcf36583bd7fff3e2f</email>
              <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nancy-el-rachkidy</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">171369</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">15116-171369</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-464X</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/160539390</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Alexandre</forename>
                <surname>Guitton</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">c2dff50aee1e369f0ff4945bcd071bab</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-bpclermont.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">alexandre-guitton</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">10729</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">536-10729</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-3129</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/095626573</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1096065"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Alexandre</forename>
                <surname>Guitton</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">5cc3e7cea4dcde4a65c0b5b993756a0c</email>
              <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2022-10-10 12:11:47</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-04-10 14:16:32</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2022-10-12 09:08:10</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2022-09-26</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2022-10-10</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-03808046v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2022-10-10"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-03808046v1/file/xiao22open.pdf" id="file-3808046-3331293">
                <date notBefore="2022-10-10"/>
              </ref>
              <fs>
                <f name="inra_publicVise_local" notation="string" n="SC">
                  <string>inra_publicVise_local_SC</string>
                </f>
              </fs>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="469551">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Alexandre</forename>
                  <surname>Guitton</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">5cc3e7cea4dcde4a65c0b5b993756a0c</email>
                <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-03808046</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-03808046</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">xiao:hal-03808046</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference&lt;/i&gt;, IEEE, Sep 2022, Londres, United Kingdom. pp.1-6, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013071"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013071&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Sep 2022, Londres, United Kingdom. pp.1-6, &amp;#x27E8;10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013071&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0 - Attribution<ref corresp="#file-3808046-3331293"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PRES_CLERMONT">Université de Clermont</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-LYON">Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LIMOS" corresp="PRES_CLERMONT">Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'optimisation des Systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CITI" corresp="INSA-LYON">Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-GROUPE">Groupe INSA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UDL">UDL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAE">Institut National de Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CLERMONT-AUVERGNE-INP">Clermont Auvergne INP</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-LYS">INRIA-LYON</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TSCF">Unité de recherche Technologies et systèmes d'information pour les agro-systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST3-HALCNRS">TEST3-HALCNRS</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="MATHNUM">Département MathNum</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-MATHNUM">Test MathNum</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAECLERMONTAUVERGNE">Centre INRAE Clermont-Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">An Open-Source GNU Radio Framework for LoRa Physical Layer and Collision Resolution</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Weixuan</forename>
                    <surname>Xiao</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2297928-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Gil</forename>
                    <surname>de Sousa</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">a96601534d360905586fc28f442e2217</email>
                  <email type="domain">inrae.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">gil-de-sousa</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">184936</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">17835-184936</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-1723</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/226969886</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1002486"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-577435"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nancy</forename>
                    <surname>El Rachkidy</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">01eeec889c6331fcf36583bd7fff3e2f</email>
                  <email type="domain">uca.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nancy-el-rachkidy</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">171369</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">15116-171369</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-464X</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/160539390</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Alexandre</forename>
                    <surname>Guitton</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">c2dff50aee1e369f0ff4945bcd071bab</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-bpclermont.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">alexandre-guitton</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">10729</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">536-10729</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-3129</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/095626573</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063677"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1096065"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1063463"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="isbn">978-1-6654-5468-1</idno>
                <meeting>
                  <title>IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference</title>
                  <date type="start">2022-09-26</date>
                  <date type="end">2022-09-29</date>
                  <settlement>Londres</settlement>
                  <country key="GB">United Kingdom</country>
                </meeting>
                <respStmt>
                  <resp>conferenceOrganizer</resp>
                  <name>IEEE</name>
                </respStmt>
                <imprint>
                  <biblScope unit="serie">Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall), 2022 IEEE 96th</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">1-6</biblScope>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013071</idno>
              <idno type="wos">000927580600375</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Low-power wide area networks</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Open-source GNU Radio framework</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Signal to noise ratio</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Software framework</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">USRP</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">LoRa physical layer</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Long Range physical layer</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Long range connectivity</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Internet of Things devices</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Collision resolution algorithms</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Couche physique LoRa</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Réseaux étendus à faible consommation d'énergie</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Structure de radio logicielle à code source ouvert GNU</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Rapport signal/bruit</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Architecture logicielle</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Convertisseur Analogique Numérique USRP</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Algorithme de détection de collision</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Dispositif de l'internet des objets</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Connectivité à longue portée</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Couche physique de longue portée</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-ni">Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_15363">algorithm</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_14038">signal computing</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_14038">signal conditioning</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_14038">signal processing</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_21062">ICT</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_21062">information communication technology</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_13632">connectivity</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_13978">intelligent car (more restrictive)</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae" n="c_13978">intelligent vehicle</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>LoRa (Long Range) is a physical layer designed for low-power wide area networks. It is widely used to provide long range connectivity to Internet of Things devices. In order to improve the limited throughput of LoRa, researchers have proposed several collision resolution algorithms. However, a common software framework to compare these algorithms is lacking. In this paper, we propose an open-source framework using GNU Radio, mainly designed to test and compare collision resolution algorithms, as well as physical layer algorithms. Our framework can help optimizing the parameters of algorithms according to channel conditions such as very low signal to noise ratio for instance. We also discuss technical implementation issues of existing collision resolution algorithms. Finally, we show how our framework can be used for either real experiments on USRPs, or for simulations with a large number of nodes.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1063677" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">155645919</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200212221E</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">00t3fpp34</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LIMOS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 1 rue de la Chebarde, TSA 60125 / CS 60026, 63178 Aubière Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://limos.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-359750" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR6158" active="#struct-1063539" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1063463" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">252404955</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000115480420</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01a8ajp46</idno>
          <orgName>Université Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UCA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>49, bd François-Mitterrand / CS 60032 / 63001 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uca.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1002486" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">200118619N</idno>
          <orgName>Technologies et systèmes d'information pour les agrosystèmes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UR TSCF</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>9 avenue Blaise Pascal CS 20085 F-63178 Aubière ; Domaine des Palaquins, F-03150 Montoldre</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.irstea.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UR1471" active="#struct-577435" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-577435" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/003vg9w96</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INRAE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-1096065" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201722227R</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/016w2y923</idno>
          <orgName>AlGorithmes et Optimisation pour Réseaux Autonomes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">AGORA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2025-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bâtiment CEI-2, Campus La Doua Villeurbanne  - 56, Boulevard Niels Bohr - CS 52132 - 69603 Villeurbanne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.inria.fr/equipes/agora</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-203831" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1096051" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-359750" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">028028694</idno>
          <orgName>Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENSM ST-ETIENNE</orgName>
          <date type="start">1816-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>158 Cour Fauriel, 42100 Saint-Étienne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.mines-stetienne.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1063539" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">252428943</idno>
          <orgName>Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INP Clermont Auvergne</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1063463" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-203831" status="VALID">
          <orgName>CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CITI</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>CITI Laboratory, INSA Lyon Domaine Scientifique de la Doua Batiment Claude Chappe 6 avenue des Arts 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex Phone +33 4 7243 6415 Fax +33 4 7243 6227 E-Mail citi@insa-lyon.fr</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.citi.insa-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-219748" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-219748" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">052444724</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2292 0228</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA Lyon</orgName>
          <date type="start">1957-03-18</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>20 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.insa-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301088" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301088" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01rk35k63</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Lyon</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universite-lyon.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301232" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162105150</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kvxyf05</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1096051" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">202224236C</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/022gakr41</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Inria de Lyon</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Inria de Lyon / Bâtiment CEI-2 / Campus La Doua - Villeurbanne / 56, Boulevard Niels Bohr / CS 52132 / 69 603 Villeurbanne</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.inria.fr/fr/centre-inria-de-lyon</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>