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Article Dans Une Revue Physical Review Research Année : 2023

Full counting statistics of interacting lattice gases after an expansion: The role of condensate depletion in many-body coherence

Résumé

We study the full counting statistics (FCS) of quantum gases in samples of thousands of interacting bosons, detected atom-by-atom after a long free-fall expansion. In this far-field configuration, the FCS reveals the many-body coherence from which we characterize iconic states of interacting lattice bosons, by deducing the normalized correlations g(n)(0)g(n)(0)g^{(n)}(0) up to the order n=6n=6n=6. In Mott insulators, we find a thermal FCS characterized by perfectly-contrasted correlations g(n)(0)=n!g(n)(0)=n!g^{(n)}(0)= n!. In interacting Bose superfluids, we observe small deviations to the Poisson FCS and to the ideal values g(n)(0)=1g(n)(0)=1g^{(n)}(0)=1 expected for a pure condensate. To describe these deviations, we introduce a heuristic model that includes an incoherent contribution attributed to the depletion of the condensate. The predictions of the model agree quantitatively with our measurements over a large range of interaction strengths, suggesting that the condensate component exhibits a full coherence g(n)(0)=1g(n)(0)=1g^{(n)}(0) =1 at any order nnn up to n=6n=6n=6. The approach demonstrated here is readily extendable to characterize a large variety of interacting quantum states and phase transitions.

Dates et versions

hal-04161180 , version 1 (13-07-2023)

Identifiants

Citer

Gaétan Hercé, Jan-Philipp Bureik, Antoine Ténart, Alain Aspect, Alexandre Dareau, et al.. Full counting statistics of interacting lattice gases after an expansion: The role of condensate depletion in many-body coherence. Physical Review Research, 2023, 5 (1), pp.L012037. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L012037⟩. ⟨hal-04161180⟩
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