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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of the ACM (JACM) Année : 2022

Twin-width I: tractable FO model checking

Édouard Bonnet
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Stéphan Thomassé
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Rémi Watrigant
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Résumé

Inspired by a width invariant defined on permutations by Guillemot and Marx [SODA '14], we introduce the notion of twin-width on graphs and on matrices. Proper minor-closed classes, bounded rank-width graphs, map graphs, Kt-free unit d-dimensional ball graphs, posets with antichains of bounded size, and proper subclasses of dimension-2 posets all have bounded twin-width. On all these classes (except map graphs without geometric embedding) we show how to compute in polynomial time a sequence of d-contractions, witness that the twin-width is at most d. We show that FO model checking, that is deciding if a given first-order formula φ evaluates to true for a given binary structure G on a domain D, is FPT in |φ| on classes of bounded twin-width, provided the witness is given. More precisely, being given a d-contraction sequence for G, our algorithm runs in time f (d, |φ|) • |D| where f is a computable but non-elementary function. We also prove that bounded twin-width is preserved under FO interpretations and transductions (allowing operations such as squaring or complementing a graph). This unifies and significantly extends the knowledge on fixed-parameter tractability of FO model checking on non-monotone classes, such as the FPT algorithm on bounded-width posets by Gajarský et al. [FOCS '15].
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Dates et versions

hal-03750975 , version 1 (16-08-2022)

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Édouard Bonnet, Eun Jung Kim, Stéphan Thomassé, Rémi Watrigant. Twin-width I: tractable FO model checking. Journal of the ACM (JACM), 2022, 69 (1), pp.1-46. ⟨10.1145/3486655⟩. ⟨hal-03750975⟩
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