CO2 Formation in Quiescent Clouds: An Experimental Study of the CO + OH Pathway
Résumé
The formation of CO2 in quiescent regions of molecular clouds is not yet fully understood, despite CO2 having an abundance of around 10%-34% H2O. We present a study of the formation of CO2 via the nonenergetic route CO + OH on nonporous H2O and amorphous silicate surfaces. Our results are in the form of temperature-programmed desorption spectra of CO2 produced via two experimental routes: O2 + CO + H and O3 + CO + H. The maximum yield of CO2 is around 8% with respect to the starting quantity of CO, suggesting a barrier to CO + OH. The rate of reaction, based on modeling results, is 24 times slower than O2 + H. Our model suggests that competition between CO2 formation via CO + OH and other surface reactions of OH is a key factor in the low yields of CO2 obtained experimentally, with relative reaction rates of k_{CO+H} \ll k_{CO+OH} < k_{H_2O_2+H} < k_{OH+H},k_{O_2+H}. Astrophysically, the presence of CO2 in low AV regions of molecular clouds could be explained by the reaction CO + OH occurring concurrently with the formation of H2O via the route OH + H.