Placing M-Phasis on the Plurality of Hate: A Feature-Based Corpus of Hate Online
Résumé
Even though hate speech (HS) online has been an important object of research in the last decade, most HS-related corpora oversimplify the phenomenon of hate by attempting to label user comments as hate or neutral. This ignores the complex and subjective nature of HS, which limits the real-life applicability of classifiers trained on these corpora. In this study, we present the M-Phasis corpus, a corpus of ∼ 9k German and French user comments collected from migration-related news articles. It goes beyond the hate-neutral dichotomy and is instead annotated with 23 features, which in combination become descriptors of various types of speech, ranging from critical comments to implicit and explicit expressions of hate. The annotations are performed by 4 native speakers per language and achieve high (0.77 ≤ κ ≤ 1) inter-annotator agreements. Besides describing the corpus creation and presenting insights from a content, error and domain analysis, we explore its data characteristics by training several classification baselines.
Domaines
Informatique [cs]| Origine | Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte |
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