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            <funder>This work was funded by the Agence Française de Développement grant N° CZZ 2146 01 (Ecomore2 project) and by UNITEDengue and the Global Partnership Program, Canada (ASEAN-GPP Grant Phase 3—Laboratory Capacity Development for diagnostics of Emerging Dangerous Pathogens).</funder>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Using Background Sequencing Data to Anticipate DENV-1 Circulation in the Lao PDR</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">dengue</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">DENV-1</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">epidemiology</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">phylogeny</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Lao PDR</term>
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              <p>Since its first detection in 1979, dengue fever has been considered a major public health issue in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). Dengue virus (DENV) serotype 1 was the cause of an epidemic in 2010–2011. Between 2012 and 2020, major outbreaks due successively to DENV-3, DENV-4 and recently DENV-2 have been recorded. However, DENV-1 still co-circulated in the country over this period. Here, we summarize epidemiological and molecular data of DENV-1 between 2016 and 2020 in the Lao PDR. Our data highlight the continuous circulation of DENV-1 in the country at levels ranging from 16% to 22% among serotyping tests. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis has revealed the circulation of DENV-1 genotype I at least since 2008 with a co-circulation of different clusters. Sequence data support independent DENV-1 introductions in the Lao PDR correlated with an active circulation of this serotype at the regional level in Southeast Asia. The maintenance of DENV-1 circulation over the last ten years supports a low level of immunity against this serotype within the Lao population. Thereby, the risk of a DENV-1 epidemic cannot be ruled out in the future, and this emphasizes the importance of maintaining an integrated surveillance approach to prevent major outbreaks</p>
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