<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-03688838</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-17T09:54:18+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Prediction of Students' performance in E-learning Environments based on Link Prediction in a Knowledge Graph</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Antonia</forename>
                <surname>Ettorre</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">5792e0254b0e9e7dba67c4a41045176c</email>
              <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">antonia-ettorre</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">745244</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">45394-745244</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-2584</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/268844240</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1039632"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Franck</forename>
                <surname>Michel</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">668172123ca10d07cd9d6152c9bd008c</email>
              <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">fmichel</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">3629</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">14674-3629</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-0463</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/20476940X</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Catherine</forename>
                <surname>Faron</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">e19d5f5840e187d81af13147ee57bce2</email>
              <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">catherine-faron-zucker</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">8955</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">54929-8955</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5959-5561</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/137765819</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=JROMCjEAAAAJ</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-452156"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1039632"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Antonia</forename>
                <surname>Ettorre</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">5792e0254b0e9e7dba67c4a41045176c</email>
              <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2022-06-06 09:23:03</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:23:19</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2022-06-07 09:24:25</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2022-07-27</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2022-06-06</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-03688838v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2022-06-06"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-03688838v1/file/AIED2022_paper171.pdf" id="file-3688838-3220732">
                <date notBefore="2022-06-06"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="910134">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Antonia</forename>
                  <surname>Ettorre</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">5792e0254b0e9e7dba67c4a41045176c</email>
                <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-03688838</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-03688838</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">ettorre:hal-03688838</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;AIED 2022 - The 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education&lt;/i&gt;, Jul 2022, Durham, United Kingdom. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://aied2022.webspace.durham.ac.uk/"&gt;Springer&lt;/a&gt;, Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners’ and Doctoral Consortium., 13355, 2022, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11647-6_86"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1007/978-3-031-11647-6_86&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">AIED 2022 - The 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, Jul 2022, Durham, United Kingdom. Springer, Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners’ and Doctoral Consortium., 13355, 2022, &amp;#x27E8;10.1007/978-3-031-11647-6_86&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-3688838-3220732"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNICE">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-SOPHIA">INRIA Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="I3S">Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIASO">INRIA-SOPHIA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA_TEST">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TESTALAIN1">TESTALAIN1</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="WIMMICS">WIMMICS: Web-Instrumented huMan-Machine Interactions, Communities, and Semantics</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-COTEDAZUR">Université Côte d'Azur</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-NICE">test nice</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Prediction of Students' performance in E-learning Environments based on Link Prediction in a Knowledge Graph</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Antonia</forename>
                    <surname>Ettorre</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">5792e0254b0e9e7dba67c4a41045176c</email>
                  <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">antonia-ettorre</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">745244</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">45394-745244</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-2584</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/268844240</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1039632"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Franck</forename>
                    <surname>Michel</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">668172123ca10d07cd9d6152c9bd008c</email>
                  <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">fmichel</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">3629</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">14674-3629</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-0463</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/20476940X</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Catherine</forename>
                    <surname>Faron</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">e19d5f5840e187d81af13147ee57bce2</email>
                  <email type="domain">i3s.unice.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">catherine-faron-zucker</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">8955</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">54929-8955</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5959-5561</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/137765819</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=JROMCjEAAAAJ</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-178918"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-452156"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1039632"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>AIED 2022 - The 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education</title>
                  <date type="start">2022-07-27</date>
                  <date type="end">2022-07-31</date>
                  <settlement>Durham</settlement>
                  <country key="GB">United Kingdom</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Springer</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">13355</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2022</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1007/978-3-031-11647-6_86</idno>
              <ref type="publisher">https://aied2022.webspace.durham.ac.uk/</ref>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-ai">Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>In recent years, the growing need for easily accessible highquality educational resources, supported by the advances in AI and Web technologies, has stimulated the development of increasingly intelligent learning environments. One of the main requirements of these smart tutoring systems is the capacity to trace the knowledge acquired by users over time, and assess their ability to face a specific Knowledge Component in the future with the final goal of presenting learners with the most suitable educational content. In this paper, we propose a model to predict students' performance based on the description of the whole learning ecosystem, in the form of a RDF Knowledge Graph. Subsequently, we reformulate the Knowledge Tracing task as a Link Prediction problem on such a Knowledge Graph and we predict students' outcome to questions by determining the most probable link between each answer and its correct or wrong realizations. Our first experiments on a real-world dataset show that the proposed approach yields promising results comparable with state-of-the-art models.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-178918" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201221031M</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04hsaft65</idno>
          <orgName>Web-Instrumented huMan-Machine Interactions, Communities and Semantics</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">WIMMICS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2013-07-01</date>
          <date type="end">2029-04-30</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2004 route des lucioles06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://wimmics.inria.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-34586" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-452156" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-13009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117617" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR7271" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1039632" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-1039632" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">241035694</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/019tgvf94</idno>
          <orgName>Université Côte d'Azur</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UniCA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Parc Valrose, 28, avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://univ-cotedazur.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-452156" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2016-03-03</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Laboratoire I3SCS 4012106903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.i3s.unice.fr/sparks</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-13009" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-117617" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR7271" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1039632" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-34586" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">198318250R</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01nzkaw91</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Inria d'Université Côte d'Azur</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2004 route des Lucioles BP 93 06902 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/centre/sophia/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kvxyf05</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-13009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">050320491</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000105613840</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201220432L</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01215r597</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">I3S</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2000, route des Lucioles - Les Algorithmes - bât. Euclide B 06900 Sophia Antipolis</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.i3s.unice.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-117617" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR7271" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1039632" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-117617" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026403498</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000123372892</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02k9vew78</idno>
          <orgName>Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019)</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1965-10-23</date>
          <date type="end">2019-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Parc Valrose, 06100 Nice</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://unice.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>