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                <term xml:lang="en">Agroecology</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Livestock farming system</term>
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              <p>Among agroecological principles, it has been assumed that incorporating diversity into livestock farming systems could increase their multiperformance and enhance their resilience. Technical references are however still missing. The research-development project PSDR4 New-DEAL (2015-2020) provided technical and organizational knowledge on/for multi-species grassland-based systems and integrated crop-livestock systems. Research was conducted across spatial scales, from territory to system components (animal and vegetal resources and work organization), with a focus on fodder autonomy and system resilience. Local consumers favoured buying an average basket consisting of a mixture of beef, pork and vegetable, and their willingness to pay for these products was mainly related to a territorial vitality. A strong reduction of inputs in mixed-grazing and crop-livestock systems was shown to result from enhanced crop-livestock interactions, a better utilization of grasslands and dilution of parasite burden in mixed grazing systems. Mixed herbivore systems also had enhanced buffer and adaptive capabilities, and so resilience, thanks to opportunities related to housing facilities, animal feeding management and work organization.</p>
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              <p>Dans le cadre de la transition agroécologique, la diversification des systèmes d’élevage est mise en avant par de nombreux auteurs comme un des leviers pour répondre aux enjeux productifs, environnementaux et sociaux des productions animales. Les références techniques et organisationnelles sur les élevages diversifiés manquent pourtant. Le projet PSDR4 New-DEAL (2015-2020) a produit des références à des niveaux d’analyse allant du territoire jusqu’au troupeau, afin d’accroitre la résilience et l’autonomie des élevages d’herbivores par leur diversification. Dans les deux terrains enquêtés, qui sont différents par leurs productions animales, l’intérêt des consommateurs locaux est fort pour la viande produite dans le territoire sous signe officiel de qualité ; ces consommateurs expriment une volonté de préserver l’emploi local. Dans tous les types de systèmes d’élevage diversifiés analysés, une réduction importante des intrants est envisageable grâce aux interactions cultures-élevage et à une meilleure valorisation de l’herbe en pâturage mixte, associée à une dilution de la charge parasitaire des animaux, qui permet de réduire le recours aux anthelminthiques. La mixité d’espèces animales accroit aussi les capacités d’adaptation des éleveurs dans leur gestion des pics et aléas de travail, des évolutions de politiques et des aléas de marché, rendant ainsi les systèmes d’élevage plus résilients.</p>
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