Drainage instabilities in granular materials: a new biaxial apparatus for fluid fingering and solid remodeling detection
Résumé
In this paper, the eect of uid ngering on the solid remodeling of a granular material during drainage phenomenon is investigated. A new biaxial apparatus, endowed with two transparent windows and adapted to unsaturated soils, is used to capture the eects of hydraulic instabilities on the mechanical response, by means of high resolution cameras. A specimen of (40 × 50 × 11) mm 3 , of Fontainebleau sand NE 34 initially saturated by water, is connected to a pressure-controlled gas source to inject the gas into the sample. During the injection phase, uid instabilities are detected and lmed. Using imaging techniques, grain remodeling and strain localization due to the two-phase uid ow are measured.
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