Psychological state and living conditions during and after the COVID-19 lockdown: A longitudinal study on active vs non-active French participants
Résumé
Introduction: In January 2020, the World Health Organization declared the global out- break of the coronavirus disease 2019 a public health emergency and a pandemic in March 2020. As a response, the French government enforced an isolation period (" lockdown ") on March 17th 2020. Quarantine measures consisted of prohibition of unnecessary travels, mandatory stay at home measures, closure of " nonessential " stores and limited physical and sport activities [1]. One hour a day of physical activity away from home was allowed within a one-kilometer radius. Studies suggested an impact of lockdown on psychological distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms in various countries [2], in line with previous research on quarantined individuals [3]. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of COVID-lockdown on trait and state anxiety in French adults.
Method: An online, national " Ex-COVID " survey was created to assess the impact of lock- down on health. Participants were recruited through nonprobability snowball sampling using social networks. The study design was longitudinal (repeated every 4 days), started 3 weeks after lockdown was initiated and ended one month after its end. Four time points were used: 2 scores during lockdown, 2 post lockdown immediate and post + 1month. Trait and state anxiety were respectively assessed with the Y-A and Y-B form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [4]. Socio-demographic (sex, age, occupation, education level), physical and social living conditions data (accommodation type, outdoor area, alone vs co-habitation, frequency of Covid-19 information searching) were collected. Participants were grouped based on their previous (before lockdown) lifestyle (4 proles regarding levels of sedentary and active behaviors, following WHO guidelines [5].