Options for zonation and grid integration of offshore wind in Vietnam
Résumé
With a long coastal line and sea area of around 1 million km2, Vietnam has advantages in developing offshore wind power, where several studies have estimated the technical potential up to 475 GW within 200 km from shore. To contribute to the offshore wind development strategy for Vietnam, this study presents the options for zonation and grid integration to 2030. We identified four potential zones along the coast for offshore wind development by assessing the technical resource areas based on wind speed and variation, ports, synchronous power plants, oil and gas infrastructures, shipping routes, and particularly sensitive sea areas. We then investigate the capability to integrate wind capacity regarding the transmission expansion plan in the period 2020 – 2030 by calculating generation adequacy and transmission adequacy. The results specify a possible path for the development of offshore wind which balances out the onshore grid capacity with the quantified capacity from four different wind resource zones. By calculating the loss of load probability with various penetration levels of offshore wind, we find out that 10.5 GW of offshore wind by 2030, spreading across four zones, makes an adequate reliable power supply.