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Article Dans Une Revue European Psychiatry Année : 2019

Family history of alcohol use disorder is associated with brain structural and functional changes in healthy first-degree relatives

Jean-Luc Martinot
  • Fonction : Auteur correspondant

Résumé

Background: Neuroimaging studies of vulnerability to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) have identified structural and functional variations which might reflect inheritable features in alcohol-naïve relatives of AUD individuals (FH+) compared to controls having no such family history (FH-). However, prior research did not simultaneously account for childhood maltreatment, any clinically significant disorder and maternal AUD. Therefore, we mainly aimed to investigate the brain structure and reward-related neural activations (fMRI), using whole-brain analysis in FH+ young adults with no prevalent confounders. Methods: 46 FH+ and 45 FH- male and female participants had no severe childhood maltreatment exposure, neither any psychiatric disorder or AUD, nor a prenatal exposure to maternal AUD. We used a 3 T MRI coupled with a whole brain voxel-based method to compare between groups the grey matter volumes and activations in response to big versus small wins during a Monetary Incentive Delay task. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score was used as confounding variable in the analyses to account for the remaining variance between groups. Results: Compared to FH- controls, FH+ participants had smaller grey matter volumes in the frontal and cingulate regions as well as in the bilateral nucleus accumbens and right insula. The FH+ participants' fMRI datasets denoted a blunted activation in the middle cingulum with respect to FH- controls' during the processing of reward magnitude, and a greater activation in the anterior cingulum in response to anticipation of a small win. Conclusions: Family history of alcohol use disorder is linked to structural and functional variations including brain regions involved in reward processes.
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hal-03487227 , version 1 (20-07-2022)

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Irina Filippi, Nicolas Hoertel, Eric Artiges, Guillaume Airagnes, Christophe Guérin-Langlois, et al.. Family history of alcohol use disorder is associated with brain structural and functional changes in healthy first-degree relatives. European Psychiatry, 2019, 62, pp.107 - 115. ⟨10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.08.003⟩. ⟨hal-03487227⟩
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