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                <term xml:lang="en">Ascorbyl  Free  Radical</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Echocardiography</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Vitamin  C</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">High-Fat  Diet</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Oxygen  Radical  Absorbance   Capacity</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Oxidant/Antioxidant Status</term>
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              <p>Background:  Western  diet,  rich  in  saturated  fatty  acids  and  cholesterol,  is  associated  with  increased  cardiovascular  risk.  We  thus  investigated  in  female  mice  the  influence  of  this  diet  on  plasma  antioxidant  status, vascular wall thickening and cardiac function. Methods  and  Results:  Adult  female  C57BL/6J  wild  type  (WT)  and  LDLR–/–  mice  were  fed  a  normal  diet  (ND)  or  a  high-fat  diet  (HFD)  for  17  weeks.  HFD  induced an increase in plasma lipids and vitamin C (Vit C) levels in both groups but at a much higher level in LDLR–/– and a decrease in plasma ascorbyl free radical  levels  to  Vit  C  ratio  (an  endogenous  oxidative  stress  index)  in  LDLR–/–.  We  only  found  a  slight  decrease  in  circulating  antioxidant  status  evaluated  by  the  Oxygen  Radical  Absorbance  Capacity  (ORAC)  assay  in  WT,  but  not  in  LDLR–/–.  Echocardiography evidenced  an  increase  in  arterial  wall  thickness  in  aortic arch at atherosclerosis predilection sites in HFD LDLR–/– as compared to ND LDLR–/– and HFD WT. This result was confirmed by histology. Furthermore, histological examination of aortic valves showed an  increase  in  atherosclerotic  lesions.  Our  study,  using  echocardiography,  show  that  chronic  HFD  does not  induce  any  major  modifications  of  systolic  function  in  the  both  mice  groups.  Conclusions:  High-fat  intake  in  mice  causes  serious  disturbances  in  lipid  plasma  levels  associated  to  variations  of  circulating antioxidant status due, at least in part, to an increase in  Vit  C.  At  this  stage,  atherosclerotic  lesions,  observed in aortic arch and valve, do not impair cardiac function in HFD-fed mice.</p>
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