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Article Dans Une Revue Scientific Reports Année : 2021

A multi-proxy approach to exploring Homo sapiens’ arrival, environments and adaptations in Southeast Asia

Nicolas Bourgon
Frido Welker
  • Fonction : Auteur
Enrico Cappellini
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nguyen Thi Mai Huong
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nguyen Anh Tuan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Thongsa Sayavonkhamdy
  • Fonction : Auteur
Viengkeo Souksavatdy
  • Fonction : Auteur
Phonephanh Sichanthongtip
  • Fonction : Auteur
Pierre-Olivier Antoine
Philippe Duringer
Jean-Luc Ponche
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kira Westaway
  • Fonction : Auteur
Renaud Joannes-Boyau
Quentin Boesch
  • Fonction : Auteur
Eric Suzzoni
Sébastien Frangeul
Elise Patole-Edoumba
  • Fonction : Auteur
Alexandra Zachwieja
Laura Shackelford
Fabrice Demeter

Résumé

Abstract The capability of Pleistocene hominins to successfully adapt to different types of tropical forested environments has long been debated. In order to investigate environmental changes in Southeast Asia during a critical period for the turnover of hominin species, we analysed palaeoenvironmental proxies from five late Middle to Late Pleistocene faunas. Human teeth discoveries have been reported at Duoi U’Oi, Vietnam (70–60 ka) and Nam Lot, Laos (86–72 ka). However, the use of palaeoproteomics allowed us to discard the latter, and, to date, no human remains older than ~ 70 ka are documented in the area. Our findings indicate that tropical rainforests were highly sensitive to climatic changes over that period, with significant fluctuations of the canopy forests. Locally, large-bodied faunas were resilient to these fluctuations until the cooling period of the Marine Isotope Stage 4 (MIS 4; 74–59 ka) that transformed the overall biotope. Then, under strong selective pressures, populations with new phenotypic characteristics emerged while some other species disappeared . We argue that this climate-driven shift offered new foraging opportunities for hominins in a novel rainforest environment and was most likely a key factor in the settlement and dispersal of our species during MIS 4 in SE Asia.
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Dates et versions

hal-03429061 , version 1 (15-11-2021)

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Anne-Marie Bacon, Nicolas Bourgon, Frido Welker, Enrico Cappellini, Denis Fiorillo, et al.. A multi-proxy approach to exploring Homo sapiens’ arrival, environments and adaptations in Southeast Asia. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-021-99931-4⟩. ⟨hal-03429061⟩
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