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Article Dans Une Revue Psychology and Aging Année : 2021

Cross-sectional and prospective association between personality traits and IADL/ADL limitations.

Yannick Stephan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hervé Fundenberger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Angelina Sutin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Antonio Terracciano
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Prior research has shown that personality traits are associated with activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). To advance research on the psychological factors related to aging-related functional limitations, this study examined the relation between personality traits and both concurrent and incident functional limitations, tested whether these associations are similar across IADLs and ADLs, and tested potential mediators of these associations. Participants were drawn from eight longitudinal samples from the U.S., England, and Japan. Participants provided data on demographic variables, the five major personality traits, and on the Katz ADL-scale and Lawton IADL-scales. IADL/ADL limitations were assessed again 3–18 years later. A consistent pattern of associations was found between personality traits and functional limitations, with associations slightly stronger for IADLs than ADLs, and robust across samples that used different measures and from different cultural contexts. The meta-analysis indicated that higher neuroticism was related to a higher likelihood of concurrent and incident IADL/ADL limitations, and higher conscien- tiousness, extraversion, and openness were associated with lower risk. Higher agreeableness was associated with lower risk of concurrent IADL/ADL, but unrelated to incident limitations. Physical activity, disease burden, depressive symptoms, self-rated health, handgrip strength, falls, and smoking status mediated the relation between personality traits and incident IADL/ADL limitations. The present study indicates that personality traits are risk factors for both IADL and ADL limitations across multiple national cohorts, identifies potential mediators, and informs conceptual models on psychological risk factors for functional decline.

Dates et versions

hal-03256899 , version 1 (10-06-2021)

Identifiants

Citer

Brice Canada, Yannick Stephan, Hervé Fundenberger, Angelina Sutin, Antonio Terracciano. Cross-sectional and prospective association between personality traits and IADL/ADL limitations.. Psychology and Aging, 2021, 36 (3), pp.309-321. ⟨10.1037/pag0000502⟩. ⟨hal-03256899⟩
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