The remanufacturing continues to demonstrate its efficiency in managing environmental issues caused by industrial activities, and filling gaps identified in other ecological end-of-life options. Remanufacturing consists of recovering used products to extend their lifetime (rebuilding, refurbishing, and reconditioning operations) and for further use. Since a product is composed of a number of components, and each component has its importance to ensure the good functioning of the different features, the study proposed in this paper will take interest in the end-of-life management of the products. Each item is characterized by its grade, based on the performance level of its components (by monitoring their evolution over time) and the improvements resulting from the remanufacturing actions. The objective is to determine, over a horizon divided into several non-homogeneous time periods, the number of items that can be recovered and remanufactured on each period, while minimizing the total cost and the carbon footprint. We propose a mathematical model and a newly developed heuristic-based solution approach.